Consider a modification of the air-standard Otto cycle in which the isentropic compression and expansion processes are each replaced with polytropic processes having n = 1.35. The compression ratio is 10 for the modified cycle. At the beginning of compression, p1 = 1 bar and T1 = 310 K. The maximum temperature during the cycle is 2200 K. Determine:(a) the heat transfer and work in kJ per kg of air for each process in the modified cycle (see Picture).(b) the percent thermal efficiency.(c) the mean effective pressure, in bar. ### Part A#### Problem Statement:Determine the heat transfer and work in kJ per kg of air for each process in the modified cycle. Note that the air is the closed system.#### Processes and Calculations:1. **Process 1-2:** \[ \frac{Q_{12}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \quad \quad \frac{W_{12}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \]2. **Process 2-3:** \[ \frac{Q_{23}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \quad \quad \frac{W_{23}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \]3. **Process 3-4:** \[ \frac{Q_{34}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \quad \quad \frac{W_{34}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \]4. **Process 4-1:** \[ \frac{Q_{41}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \quad \quad \frac{W_{41}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \]For each process, you need to determine the specific heat transfer (\(\frac{Q}{m}\)) and specific work (\(\frac{W}{m}\)) involved in the processes numbered 1 through 4. #### Explanation of Symbols and Variables:- \( Q \): Heat transfer- \( W \): Work done- \( m \): Mass of air- Subscripts represent the states in the process (e.g., 1-2 represents a process changing from state 1 to state 2)Each box with a blue information icon requires inputs or provides additional context or data needed to solve the problem.

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Answered: Consider a modification of the…

Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

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Consider a modification of the air-standard Otto cycle in which the isentropic compression and expansion processes are each replaced with polytropic processes having n = 1.35. The compression ratio is 10 for the modified cycle. At the beginning of compression, p₁ = 1 bar and T₁ = 310 K. The maximum temperature during the cycle is 2200 K.

Determine:

(a) the heat transfer and work in kJ per kg of air for each process in the modified cycle (see Picture).

(b) the percent thermal efficiency.

### Part A

#### Problem Statement:
Determine the heat transfer and work in kJ per kg of air for each process in the modified cycle. Note that the air is the closed system.

#### Processes and Calculations:

1. **Process 1-2:**
\[
\frac{Q_{12}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \quad \quad \frac{W_{12}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg}
\]

2. **Process 2-3:**
\[
\frac{Q_{23}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \quad \quad \frac{W_{23}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg}
\]

3. **Process 3-4:**
\[
\frac{Q_{34}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \quad \quad \frac{W_{34}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg}
\]

4. **Process 4-1:**
\[
\frac{Q_{41}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg} \quad \quad \frac{W_{41}}{m} = \quad \text{kJ/kg}
\]

For each process, you need to determine the specific heat transfer (\(\frac{Q}{m}\)) and specific work (\(\frac{W}{m}\)) involved in the processes numbered 1 through 4.

#### Explanation of Symbols and Variables:
- \( Q \): Heat transfer
- \( W \): Work done
- \( m \): Mass of air
- Subscripts represent the states in the process (e.g., 1-2 represents a process changing from state 1 to state 2)

Each box with a blue information icon requires inputs or provides additional context or data needed to solve the problem.

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