Consider a Japanese firm that sells product Y in the local market and contemplates sales to the US. If the Japanese firm enters the American market it will compete in quantities against a US firm already in the market. The inverse demand for Y in the US is Pus = 250 - Q (all prices and costs in this problem are in $US), where Q = qu + q1, is total quantity eventually sold by the two competitors. The production of Y requires operating a plant at a fixed cost F = 300, as well as 1 unit of labor and 1 unit of capital per unit of output. Currently, at both the US and Japan the cost of capital is $15/unit and that of labor $10/unit. The Japanese firm has the option to either invest directly in operating a plant in the US, or use at no extra fixed cost its already existing plant in Japan, shipping its product to the US. In that case a transportation cost of $10/unit has to be paid on top of any production cost; also, American customs require a $5/unit duty for any Y imports.

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Subject 2: Foreign Direct Investment and Alternatives
Consider a Japanese firm that sells product Y in the local market and contemplates sales to the
US. If the Japanese firm enters the American market it will compete in quantities against a US
firm already in the market. The inverse demand for Y in the US is Pus = 250 – Q (all prices
and costs in this problem are in $US), where Q = qy + qj, is total quantity eventually sold by
the two competitors. The production of Y requires operating a plant at a fixed cost F = 300,
as well as 1 unit of labor and 1 unit of capital per unit of output. Currently, at both the US and
Japan the cost of capital is $15/unit and that of labor $10/unit. The Japanese firm has the
option to either invest directly in operating a plant in the US, or use at no extra fixed cost its
already existing plant in Japan, shipping its product to the US. In that case a transportation
cost of $10/unit has to be paid on top of any production cost; also, American customs require
a $5/unit duty for any Y imports.
a. Find the price of Y in the US, the profits of the American and the Japanese firm and total
labor income in the Y sector in the US.
b. Political pressure by unions in the US results in a new wage of $25/unit. Repeat the above
calculations in the new situation.
c. Assuming that half of the workers initially employed in the American Y sector were
unionized and that non-unionized workers are the first to be laid off, show and explain the
effect of the wage increase in unionized and non-unionized worker's income.
Transcribed Image Text:Subject 2: Foreign Direct Investment and Alternatives Consider a Japanese firm that sells product Y in the local market and contemplates sales to the US. If the Japanese firm enters the American market it will compete in quantities against a US firm already in the market. The inverse demand for Y in the US is Pus = 250 – Q (all prices and costs in this problem are in $US), where Q = qy + qj, is total quantity eventually sold by the two competitors. The production of Y requires operating a plant at a fixed cost F = 300, as well as 1 unit of labor and 1 unit of capital per unit of output. Currently, at both the US and Japan the cost of capital is $15/unit and that of labor $10/unit. The Japanese firm has the option to either invest directly in operating a plant in the US, or use at no extra fixed cost its already existing plant in Japan, shipping its product to the US. In that case a transportation cost of $10/unit has to be paid on top of any production cost; also, American customs require a $5/unit duty for any Y imports. a. Find the price of Y in the US, the profits of the American and the Japanese firm and total labor income in the Y sector in the US. b. Political pressure by unions in the US results in a new wage of $25/unit. Repeat the above calculations in the new situation. c. Assuming that half of the workers initially employed in the American Y sector were unionized and that non-unionized workers are the first to be laid off, show and explain the effect of the wage increase in unionized and non-unionized worker's income.
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