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Consider 5 sequential reactions where the product of each reaction is the reactant of the next and the 5 percent yields are 80%, 90%, 65%, 76% and 30%. If you begin with 100 molecules of the first limiting reagent, what is the maximum number of product molecules you can form at the end of the final reaction? HINT: Remember that you cannot have parts of a molecule!

Consider 5 sequential reactions where the product of each reaction is the reactant of the next and the 5 percent yields are 80%, 90%, 65%, 76% and 30%. If you begin with 100 molecules of the first limiting reagent, what is the maximum number of product molecules you can form at the end of the final reaction? HINT: Remember that you cannot have parts of a molecule!

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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# Educational Transcript and Explanation **Title: Understanding Reaction Sequences and Percent Yields in Chemistry** ### Introduction To successfully tackle chemistry problems involving reaction sequences, it's essential to use a methodical approach: 1. **Writing the Correct Balanced Equation:** Start with the balanced chemical equation for each reaction. 2. **Stoichiometric Calculations:** Use stoichiometric coefficients to convert quantities from one species to another. 3. **Theoretical Yield Calculations:** Begin with the theoretical (or 100%) yield to understand the maximum possible product yield. 4. **Percent Yield Considerations:** Use the percent yield of each reaction to determine actual yields. 5. **Use of Tables:** Consider structuring the data in a table for clarity. ### Detailed Example Problem **Question Prompt:** Consider a series of 5 sequential reactions, each using the product of the previous reaction. The percentage yields for these reactions are as follows: 80%, 90%, 65%, 76%, and 30%. If you start with 100 molecules of the initial limiting reagent, what is the maximum number of product molecules you can obtain at the end of the final reaction? **Hint:** Remember, fractional molecules are not possible. ### Step-by-Step Solution Process 1. **Identify Initial Quantity:** - Start with 100 molecules of the initial reagent. 2. **Apply Percent Yield of Each Reaction Sequentially:** - **First Reaction:** - Yield = 80% of 100 molecules - Product = 0.8 × 100 = 80 molecules - **Second Reaction:** - Yield = 90% of 80 molecules - Product = 0.9 × 80 = 72 molecules - **Third Reaction:** - Yield = 65% of 72 molecules - Product = 0.65 × 72 = 46.8 → round down to 46 molecules (since fractional molecules are not possible) - **Fourth Reaction:** - Yield = 76% of 46 molecules - Product = 0.76 × 46 = 34.96 → round down to 34 molecules - **Fifth Reaction:** - Yield = 30% of 34 molecules - Product = 0.3 × 34 = 10.2 → round down to 10 molecules ### Conclusion Through this systematic approach
Transcribed Image Text:# Educational Transcript and Explanation **Title: Understanding Reaction Sequences and Percent Yields in Chemistry** ### Introduction To successfully tackle chemistry problems involving reaction sequences, it's essential to use a methodical approach: 1. **Writing the Correct Balanced Equation:** Start with the balanced chemical equation for each reaction. 2. **Stoichiometric Calculations:** Use stoichiometric coefficients to convert quantities from one species to another. 3. **Theoretical Yield Calculations:** Begin with the theoretical (or 100%) yield to understand the maximum possible product yield. 4. **Percent Yield Considerations:** Use the percent yield of each reaction to determine actual yields. 5. **Use of Tables:** Consider structuring the data in a table for clarity. ### Detailed Example Problem **Question Prompt:** Consider a series of 5 sequential reactions, each using the product of the previous reaction. The percentage yields for these reactions are as follows: 80%, 90%, 65%, 76%, and 30%. If you start with 100 molecules of the initial limiting reagent, what is the maximum number of product molecules you can obtain at the end of the final reaction? **Hint:** Remember, fractional molecules are not possible. ### Step-by-Step Solution Process 1. **Identify Initial Quantity:** - Start with 100 molecules of the initial reagent. 2. **Apply Percent Yield of Each Reaction Sequentially:** - **First Reaction:** - Yield = 80% of 100 molecules - Product = 0.8 × 100 = 80 molecules - **Second Reaction:** - Yield = 90% of 80 molecules - Product = 0.9 × 80 = 72 molecules - **Third Reaction:** - Yield = 65% of 72 molecules - Product = 0.65 × 72 = 46.8 → round down to 46 molecules (since fractional molecules are not possible) - **Fourth Reaction:** - Yield = 76% of 46 molecules - Product = 0.76 × 46 = 34.96 → round down to 34 molecules - **Fifth Reaction:** - Yield = 30% of 34 molecules - Product = 0.3 × 34 = 10.2 → round down to 10 molecules ### Conclusion Through this systematic approach
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