States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
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![This graph shows the titration of 35.0 mL of ammonia solution with 0.0919 M HCl.
Determine the molarity of the ammonia solution.
Concentration: [________] M
**Graph Description: Titration of Ammonia with HCl**
- **X-Axis (Horizontal):** Volume of HCl added (mL), ranging from 0 to 27 mL.
- **Y-Axis (Vertical):** pH level of the solution, ranging from 0 to 13.
**Curve Details:**
- The curve starts at a high pH of approximately 12.5, indicating that the solution is basic.
- As HCl is added, the pH gradually decreases, showing a steep drop between around 23 to 25 mL of HCl, indicating the equivalence point.
- After the equivalence point, the curve levels off around a pH of 1.5, showing that the solution becomes acidic.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F2921ecad-2ea4-4a45-ab8d-a94f7a357800%2F3b211db4-9f4a-45f4-a217-e5d2968f5714%2F9ncc8hr_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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