Compute the approximate nuclear radius of: (b) Nitrogen-14
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Q: What is the ratio of the binding energy per nucleon of nitrogen (14 7)N to helium (4 2)He Nuclei?
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- From experimental data, it was found that the density of a nucleus was independent of the mass number. The number of protons and neutrons per unit volume is approximately constant.
- Thus if we assume a nucleus to be spherical then the nuclear radius will be proportional to the cube root of the mass number. Thus we can write,
Here r0 is a constant of proportionality, and A is the mass number of the element.
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- Find the average binding energy per nucleon ofa) The ionic radius of lead is 0.180 nm. What fraction of this volume does the nucleus take up for lead-208? b) What is the binding energy per nucleon for lead- 208?(a) A wooden artifact is found in an ancient tomb. Its carbon-14 (14, C) activity is measured to be 55.0% of that in a fresh sample of wood from the same region. Assuming the same amount of 14C was initially present in the artifact as is now contained in the fresh sample, determine the age of the artifact (in years). (b) What If? What would be the age of the sample (in years) if the 14C activity were only 32.3% of the fresh sample?
- (a) Estimate the years that the deuterium fuel in the oceans could supply the energy needs of the world. Assume world energy consumption to be ten times that of the United States which is 8×1019 J/y and that the deuterium in the oceans could be converted to energy with an efficiency of 32%. You must estimate or look up the amount of water in the oceans and take the deuterium content to be 0.015% of natural hydrogen to find the mass of deuterium available. Note that approximate energy yield of deuterium is 3.37×1014 J/kg. (b) Comment on how much time this is by any human measure. (It is not an unreasonable result, only an impressive one.)(a) A sample of a radioactive isotope contains N nuclei at time t. At time (t + At), it contains (N-AN) nuclei of the isotope. For the period At, state, in terms of N, AN and At, (i) the mean activity of the sample, activity = (ii) the probability of decay of a nucleus. probability = [1] [1] (b) A cobalt-60 source having a half-life of 5.27 years is calibrated and found to have an activity of 3.50 x 105 Bq. The uncertainty in the calibration is +2%. Calculate the length of time, in days, after the calibration has been made, for the stated activity of 3.50 x 105 Bq to have a maximum possible error of 10%.Compute the approximate nuclear radius of: (₂) (c) Palladium-46
- Compute the approximate nuclear radius of: U (ن) (d) Nit -12 I allatiun c Actinium-8914 A sample has a ¹4C activity of 0.0027 Bq per gram of carbon. (a) Find the age of the sample, assuming that the activity per gram of carbon in a living organism has been constant at a value of 0.23 Bq. (b) Evidence suggests that the value of 0.23 Bq might have been as much as 27% larger. Repeat part (a), taking into account this 27% increase. (a) Number i (b) Number i Units UnitsA sample has a ¹4C activity of 0.0074 Bq per gram of carbon. (a) Find the age of the sample, assuming that the activity per gram of carbon in a living organism has been constant at a value of 0.23 Bq. (b) Evidence suggests that the value of 0.23 Bq might have been as much as 47% larger. Repeat part (a), taking into account this 47% increase. (a) Number i (b) Number i Units Units