Complete the following five steps to calculate r, and give each of your answers precise to two decimal places.
Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as predictors. Regression analysis is one of the methods to find the trends in data. The independent variable used in Regression analysis is named Predictor variable. It offers data of an associated dependent variable regarding a particular outcome.
Step 5. Calculate the
![Step 2. Calculate the z-score for each y-value.
У1 — у
sdy
y2 - y
sdy
Уз — у
sd y
|
Zyl
Zy2
Zy3
Step 3. For each data point, calculate the product of the pair of z-scores.
Zx2 · Zy2
Zx3 · Zy3
Zxl•Zyl =
Step 4. Sum the products of each pair of z-scores.
E(zxi · Zyi) =
II
II](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1c9732cb-ae4a-4d93-bf70-995c53334240%2F8ebe3e77-0b4d-497c-9911-b813d920f3ec%2Fepufdk5_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![Suppose that George wants to determine if the number of
y
insects in a given area is related to the number of flowers in
that area. He creates three 1 m2 quadrats in his backyard and
Data point 1
X1
8.
Yi = 7
counts the number of flowers (x) and number of insects (y)
Data point 2
X2
15
y2 = 13
in each quadrat. His data are shown in the table.
Data point 3
16
Уз —D 16
X3
Calculate the Pearson product-moment correlation
Mean
= 13.00
y = 12.00
coefficient, r, using the formula
Standard deviation
sdx= 4.359
sd,= 4.583
E Zxi · Zyi
r =
n
- 1
where z is the z-score for each value, x; represents the x-value for each data point, y; represents the y-value for each data
point, and n represents the sample size.
Complete the following five steps to calculate r, and give each of your answers precise to two decimal places.
Step 1. Calculate the z-score for each x-value.
X1 - x
Zx1 =
sdx
X2
Zx2 =
X3
Zx3 =
sdx
sd x](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1c9732cb-ae4a-4d93-bf70-995c53334240%2F8ebe3e77-0b4d-497c-9911-b813d920f3ec%2Fpsy6qk_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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