Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
what would major products be
![The diagram presented depicts the Diels-Alder reaction involving 1,3-butadiene with two different dienophiles: dimethyl fumarate and dimethyl maleate.
### Diagram Explanation:
1. **Central Compound**:
- **1,3-butadiene**: This is the diene involved in the Diels-Alder reactions shown. It contains two double bonds separated by a single bond.
2. **Reaction Pathways**:
- 1,3-butadiene can react with either dimethyl fumarate or dimethyl maleate under heat (represented by the delta symbol, Δ) to form Diels-Alder adducts.
3. **Left Pathway**:
- **Dienophile**: Dimethyl fumarate
- **Structure**: Dimethyl fumarate has two ester groups (CO2Me) on adjacent carbons, with a trans configuration.
- **Product**: The reaction with 1,3-butadiene under heat leads to the formation of a cyclohexene derivative.
4. **Right Pathway**:
- **Dienophile**: Dimethyl maleate
- **Structure**: Dimethyl maleate also has two ester groups (CO2Me) on adjacent carbons, but with a cis configuration.
- **Product**: Similarly, the reaction with 1,3-butadiene under heat leads to the formation of a cyclohexene derivative.
### Summary:
This diagram highlights how 1,3-butadiene can undergo Diels-Alder reactions with different dienophiles, specifically dimethyl fumarate and dimethyl maleate, leading to the formation of different cyclohexene derivatives depending on the configuration (cis or trans) of the dienophile. This type of reaction is a powerful tool in synthetic organic chemistry for building complex molecular structures.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F797d4819-9880-4fca-9769-bf57521e6e40%2Fa49f93a9-3650-4946-b3cd-251e0497efac%2Fuag7wlj_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps with 3 images
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Organic Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780078021558/9780078021558_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry: Principles and Reactions](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305079373/9781305079373_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781118431221/9781118431221_smallCoverImage.gif)