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Color Index Texture Rock ID BIN 1 Texture Color Index Rock ID BIN 2 High Temperature 1400° 1050° 800° Low Temperature Sample 1A felsic Sample 1A Sample 1B Sample 1C Sample 2A Sample 2B Sample 2C phaneritic granite Sample 2A felsic Aphanitic (Fine grained) Orthoclase/plagioclase Olivine Discontinuous series Pyroxene # Sample 1B intermediate Bowen's reaction series is a predictable series of minerals that crystalize out of a melt. In Rock ID 1 and 2 you indicated the mineral assemblages of each rock. Those assemblages can tell us the temperature at which the parent magma crystallized into rock. For example, if a rock included only Olivine and Ca-rich Plagioclase, we would know that the rock crystallized out of a melt at approximately 1100 degrees Celsius. For each of the rocks you identified in Rock ID 1 and 2, use Bowen's reaction series to indicate the approximate temperature of the parent magma when the rock crystallized. Use the lowest and highest temperature minerals of the assemblage to determine a range of crystallization temperatures. First minerals to crystallize Low Temp Mineral Phaneritic diorite Sample 2B mafic Aphanitic (Fine grained) Black granite Amphibole Biotite K-Feldspar Sample 1C mafic Muscovite phaneritic gabbro Sample 2C mafic Aphanitic (Fine grained) basalt Quartz Last minerals to crystallize High Temp Mineral (Na-rich) (Ca-rich) Plagioclase Continuous Ultramafic Mafic Intermediate Felsic Temperature Range (°C) ▬

Color Index Texture Rock ID BIN 1 Texture Color Index Rock ID BIN 2 High Temperature 1400° 1050° 800° Low Temperature Sample 1A felsic Sample 1A Sample 1B Sample 1C Sample 2A Sample 2B Sample 2C phaneritic granite Sample 2A felsic Aphanitic (Fine grained) Orthoclase/plagioclase Olivine Discontinuous series Pyroxene # Sample 1B intermediate Bowen's reaction series is a predictable series of minerals that crystalize out of a melt. In Rock ID 1 and 2 you indicated the mineral assemblages of each rock. Those assemblages can tell us the temperature at which the parent magma crystallized into rock. For example, if a rock included only Olivine and Ca-rich Plagioclase, we would know that the rock crystallized out of a melt at approximately 1100 degrees Celsius. For each of the rocks you identified in Rock ID 1 and 2, use Bowen's reaction series to indicate the approximate temperature of the parent magma when the rock crystallized. Use the lowest and highest temperature minerals of the assemblage to determine a range of crystallization temperatures. First minerals to crystallize Low Temp Mineral Phaneritic diorite Sample 2B mafic Aphanitic (Fine grained) Black granite Amphibole Biotite K-Feldspar Sample 1C mafic Muscovite phaneritic gabbro Sample 2C mafic Aphanitic (Fine grained) basalt Quartz Last minerals to crystallize High Temp Mineral (Na-rich) (Ca-rich) Plagioclase Continuous Ultramafic Mafic Intermediate Felsic Temperature Range (°C) ▬

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
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H Color Index Texture Rock ID BIN 1 Texture Color Index Rock ID BIN 2 High Temperature 1400° 1050° 800° Low Temperature Sample 1A felsic Sample 1A Sample 1B Sample 1C Sample 2A Sample 2B Sample 2C phaneritic granite Sample 2A felsic Aphanitic (Fine grained) Orthoclase/plagioclase Olivine Discontinuous series Pyroxene Sample 1B intermediate Bowen's reaction series is a predictable series of minerals that crystalize out of a melt. In Rock ID 1 and 2 you indicated the mineral assemblages of each rock. Those assemblages can tell us the temperature at which the parent magma crystallized into rock. For example, if a rock included only Olivine and Ca-rich Plagioclase, we would know that the rock crystallized out of a melt at approximately 1100 degrees Celsius. For each of the rocks you identified in Rock ID 1 and 2, use Bowen's reaction series to indicate the approximate temperature of the parent magma when the rock crystallized. Use the lowest and highest temperature minerals of the assemblage to determine a range of crystallization temperatures. First minerals to crystallize Low Temp Mineral Phaneritic diorite Sample 2B mafic Aphanitic (Fine grained) Black granite Amphibole Sample 1C mafic K-Feldspar phaneritic gabbro Muscovite Sample 2C mafic Aphanitic (Fine grained) basalt Biotite (Na-rich) Quartz Last minerals to crystallize High Temp Mineral Plagioclase (Ca-rich) 0 Continuous series Ultramafic Mafic Intermediate Felsic Temperature Range (°C)
Transcribed Image Text:H Color Index Texture Rock ID BIN 1 Texture Color Index Rock ID BIN 2 High Temperature 1400° 1050° 800° Low Temperature Sample 1A felsic Sample 1A Sample 1B Sample 1C Sample 2A Sample 2B Sample 2C phaneritic granite Sample 2A felsic Aphanitic (Fine grained) Orthoclase/plagioclase Olivine Discontinuous series Pyroxene Sample 1B intermediate Bowen's reaction series is a predictable series of minerals that crystalize out of a melt. In Rock ID 1 and 2 you indicated the mineral assemblages of each rock. Those assemblages can tell us the temperature at which the parent magma crystallized into rock. For example, if a rock included only Olivine and Ca-rich Plagioclase, we would know that the rock crystallized out of a melt at approximately 1100 degrees Celsius. For each of the rocks you identified in Rock ID 1 and 2, use Bowen's reaction series to indicate the approximate temperature of the parent magma when the rock crystallized. Use the lowest and highest temperature minerals of the assemblage to determine a range of crystallization temperatures. First minerals to crystallize Low Temp Mineral Phaneritic diorite Sample 2B mafic Aphanitic (Fine grained) Black granite Amphibole Sample 1C mafic K-Feldspar phaneritic gabbro Muscovite Sample 2C mafic Aphanitic (Fine grained) basalt Biotite (Na-rich) Quartz Last minerals to crystallize High Temp Mineral Plagioclase (Ca-rich) 0 Continuous series Ultramafic Mafic Intermediate Felsic Temperature Range (°C)
Color Specific gravity Proportions of light and dark minerals Texture Percentage of minerals by volume 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Fragmental O 75 Silica (SiO₂) content Pegmatitic Coarse-grained (phaneritic) Fine-grained (aphanitic) Porphyritic Glassy Porous Fine Coarse Abundances of minerals in felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic igneous rocks. Light colored Low specific gravity Felsic Orthoclase 70 High silica content Granitic pegmatite Granite Quartz Rhyolite Porphyritic granite or* Porphyritic rhyolite Obsidian Pumice Rhyolite tuff Muscovite 65 Intermediate Na-rich Biotite Plagioclase Amphibole 60 55 Percentage of silica by weight Diorite Ca-rich (b) Choose a column based on the abundance of minerals, and select the rock name based on the appropriate texture. Andesite Porphyritic diorite or* Porphyritic andesite Pyroxene Mafic 50 Mafic pegmatite Gabbro Basalt Porphyritic gabbro or* Porphyritic basalt Tachylite Scoria/Vesicular basalt Basalt tuff Andesite tuff Volcanic breccia *Porphyritic rocks are named for the size of the groundmass grains. For example, a felsic porphyry in which the groundmass grains are coarse is called granite porphyry. If the groundmass grains are small, it is called a rhyolite porphyry. Dark colored High specific gravity Ultramafic Olivine 40 Low silica content Dunite (olivine only) Pyroxenite (pyroxene) Peridotite (olivine + pyroxene) Rocks with these textures and compositions are very rare. 35
Transcribed Image Text:Color Specific gravity Proportions of light and dark minerals Texture Percentage of minerals by volume 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Fragmental O 75 Silica (SiO₂) content Pegmatitic Coarse-grained (phaneritic) Fine-grained (aphanitic) Porphyritic Glassy Porous Fine Coarse Abundances of minerals in felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic igneous rocks. Light colored Low specific gravity Felsic Orthoclase 70 High silica content Granitic pegmatite Granite Quartz Rhyolite Porphyritic granite or* Porphyritic rhyolite Obsidian Pumice Rhyolite tuff Muscovite 65 Intermediate Na-rich Biotite Plagioclase Amphibole 60 55 Percentage of silica by weight Diorite Ca-rich (b) Choose a column based on the abundance of minerals, and select the rock name based on the appropriate texture. Andesite Porphyritic diorite or* Porphyritic andesite Pyroxene Mafic 50 Mafic pegmatite Gabbro Basalt Porphyritic gabbro or* Porphyritic basalt Tachylite Scoria/Vesicular basalt Basalt tuff Andesite tuff Volcanic breccia *Porphyritic rocks are named for the size of the groundmass grains. For example, a felsic porphyry in which the groundmass grains are coarse is called granite porphyry. If the groundmass grains are small, it is called a rhyolite porphyry. Dark colored High specific gravity Ultramafic Olivine 40 Low silica content Dunite (olivine only) Pyroxenite (pyroxene) Peridotite (olivine + pyroxene) Rocks with these textures and compositions are very rare. 35
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