(Coal 091S OSTS OPTS OETS ORTS OUTS 00S 0S 0S 0S 0S 0SS ONS DES O2S ots of 0.0% %50 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% 3.5% 4.0% 4.5% 5.0% 5.5% 6.0% 6.5% 7.0% Federal Funds Rate

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
14th Edition
ISBN:9780190931919
Author:NEWNAN
Publisher:NEWNAN
Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
Section: Chapter Questions
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Explanation all subparts it correctly

7.0%
6.5%
6.0%
5.5%
5.0%
4.5%
4.0%
3.5%
3.0%
2.5%
2.0%
1.5%
1.0%
0.5%
0.0%
$0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60 570 580 590 $100 $110 $120 $130 $140 $150 $160
Bank Excess Reserves ($Billion)
Consider the above graph that shows demand for excess reserves by the banking
system as a whole. The discount rate is 4.5 percent and the Fed pays an interest of
1.50 percent on excess reserves. Currently banks as a whole are holding an excess
reserve of $70 billion.
Let's consider several monetary-policy scenarios.
The Fed reduces the discount rate by 1 percent. Following this policy, the equilibrium
federal funds rate will equal 4.00
percent.
Next, the Fed reduces the discount rate by another 1 percent. Following this second
policy action, the equilibrium federal funds rate will equal 5.00
percent. However, to keep the fed funds rate at this level, the Fed needs to increase
the supply of excess reserves in the banking system by 40.00
billion
dollars (say, through an open market purchase).
Okay, this scenario rarely happens. So let's move to the next one.
Federal Funds Rate
Transcribed Image Text:7.0% 6.5% 6.0% 5.5% 5.0% 4.5% 4.0% 3.5% 3.0% 2.5% 2.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0% $0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60 570 580 590 $100 $110 $120 $130 $140 $150 $160 Bank Excess Reserves ($Billion) Consider the above graph that shows demand for excess reserves by the banking system as a whole. The discount rate is 4.5 percent and the Fed pays an interest of 1.50 percent on excess reserves. Currently banks as a whole are holding an excess reserve of $70 billion. Let's consider several monetary-policy scenarios. The Fed reduces the discount rate by 1 percent. Following this policy, the equilibrium federal funds rate will equal 4.00 percent. Next, the Fed reduces the discount rate by another 1 percent. Following this second policy action, the equilibrium federal funds rate will equal 5.00 percent. However, to keep the fed funds rate at this level, the Fed needs to increase the supply of excess reserves in the banking system by 40.00 billion dollars (say, through an open market purchase). Okay, this scenario rarely happens. So let's move to the next one. Federal Funds Rate
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