Ionic Equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.
Arrhenius Acid
Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.
Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry
Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.
![**Educational Content: Understanding Buffer Solutions**
A buffer solution made from HCN and NaCN has a pH of 9.71. If \( \text{p}K_a \) for HCN is 9.40, what is the \(\frac{[\text{CN}^-]}{[\text{HCN}]}\) in the buffer?
To find the ratio \(\frac{[\text{CN}^-]}{[\text{HCN}]}\), we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which is:
\[
\text{pH} = \text{p}K_a + \log\left(\frac{[\text{CN}^-]}{[\text{HCN}]}\right)
\]
Given:
- \(\text{pH} = 9.71\)
- \(\text{p}K_a = 9.40\)
By substituting these values into the equation, we can solve for the ratio \(\frac{[\text{CN}^-]}{[\text{HCN}]}\).
The equation becomes:
\[
9.71 = 9.40 + \log\left(\frac{[\text{CN}^-]}{[\text{HCN}]}\right)
\]
By rearranging, we find:
\[
\log\left(\frac{[\text{CN}^-]}{[\text{HCN}]}\right) = 9.71 - 9.40 = 0.31
\]
Taking the antilog (base 10) of both sides:
\[
\frac{[\text{CN}^-]}{[\text{HCN}]} = 10^{0.31}
\]
Calculating that will provide the concentration ratio in the buffer solution.
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Answer:
Buffer solution is a type of solution that resists the change in its pH on adding small quantity of acid or base. Solution of weak acid (HCN) and its conjugate base (CN-) can act like a buffer solution.
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