Answered: Classify the following substituents…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Classify the following substituents according to whether they are electrons donors or electron acceptors relative to hydrogen by the resonance and the inductive mechanisms a=acceptor d=donor n=no effect

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Classify the following substituents according to whether they are electron donors or electron acceptors relative to hydrogen by the resonance
and the inductive mechanisms.
a = acceptor
d = donor
n = no effect
1. —NHCH,CH,CH,C=N;
2.
3.
-P(CH3)3
trimethylphosphonium
:0:
—CH,CH,CH,COCH3
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Inductive effect
Inductive effect
Inductive effect
[References]
Resonance effect
Resonance effect T
Resonance effect
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Expert Solution

Step 1: Inductive and resonance effect

Inductive effect: The inductive effect is a permanent electron displacement of electrons in an organic molecule. The electron-withdrawing or donating effect of an atom or group through a sigma bond is known as an inductive effect. Electron donation groups show the +I effect and the electron-withdrawing group shows the -I effect.

Resonance effect: Electron delocalization through conjugation is known as the resonance effect. Electron-donating groups show +M effects and electron-withdrawing groups show -M effects.

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