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- Computer models of global climate changecaused by increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere predictnot only higher overall temperatures, but also more intense andfrequent heat waves. During the devastating European heatwave in the summer of 2003, between 35,000 and 52,000“excess deaths” occurred. Before taking specific actions toreduce carbon dioxide emissions, economists and politicians tryto estimate the costs. Should excess deaths be included as acost of inaction? If so, what value should we place on a life?A firm has a marginal emissions benefit of 100-0.5*E in each of 2 years, where E measures emissions in tons. The marginal cost of emissions to society is 75/ton. The discount rate is 10% and the marginal cost of emissions also grows at 10% per year. The government decides to give the firm permits to emit 50 tons of emissions per year, but allows the firm to "bank" or "borrow" permits across the two years so that this effectively acts as a 100 ton cap on emissions over 2 years. How much will the firm emit in each year? If all firms are identical to the one you analyze here, is the government issuing too many or too few emission permits relative to the efficient level? How do you know?when left the treat environment as if it has no value the polluters in region release collective 500 tons of pollutant per year. The damages from this pollutant are MD=10e while aggregate abatement cost is MAC=10+5a. Calculate; A)efficient aggregate levels of abatement and emissions B)use calculations to show that a one ton increase or decrease in emissions would not be efficient
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- The following technologies are available to produce 10 metres of cloth. Based on this information, which of the following statements is true? Technology A B C D Number of worker days Tonnes of coal required 3 2 4 5 15 10 Bor D can be the optimally chosen technologies depending on the relative price of coal and workers. Technology D is preferred to technology A for any relative prices of a worker day to a tonne of coal greater than 1, even though it is an inefficient technology. O Technology A is preferred to technology C for any relative price of a worker day to a tonne of coal less than 1.Levelised costs of key technologies have changed between the 2016 and 2023data. Discuss what has changed, why it has changed, and what are the implicationsfor public choices around electricity generation?(Tip: focus most of your attention on the largest changes, including carbon costs). can you please provide an answer with explanations that dont include text from AI sites , to explain this thouroughly.In a feasible set, such as the one shown here, points INSIDE the set are said to be by points ON the frontier. Least-cost abatement curve A" 30 A' A 25 Feasible set E with zero abatement 400 600 Cost of abatement (billions € = cost per tonne abated x gigatonnes abated) Environmental quality, E (amount abated, GtCO,)
- What is he social and financial implictions of generic pricing decisions for various stakeholders?Define (a) externalities and (b) sunk costs, andthen give examples of each that might be involvedin a proposal by an energy company to build anew coal-fired electric power generating unit. Howwould these factors be worked into the analysis?With tradable emissions permits, the price of the permit is determined by: a) the supply of and demand for permits. b) environmental protection organizations. c) the World Trade Organization. O d) the government. Note:- Please avoid using ChatGPT and refrain from providing handwritten solutions; otherwise, I will definitely give a downvote. Also, be mindful of plagiarism. Answer completely and accurate answer. Rest assured, you will receive an upvote if the answer is accurate.