Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![**Question:**
Circle the species with the largest ionization energy and explain your reasoning.
Os, Fe⁺, Co, Ru
**Explanation:**
To determine which species has the largest ionization energy, consider the periodic trends:
1. **Ionization Energy Trend:** Ionization energy generally increases across a period (left to right) and decreases down a group (top to bottom) in the periodic table.
2. **Charge:** Ionized species often have different ionization energies compared to their neutral counterparts. Removing more electrons from an already positively charged ion requires more energy.
3. **Electron Configuration:** Look at the electronic configuration of each element, as configurations that are stable (e.g., filled or half-filled subshells) will typically have higher ionization energies.
**Analysis:**
- **Os (Osmium):** Located in period 6, transition metal.
- **Fe⁺ (Iron ion):** Ion with a positive charge; removing another electron will require energy.
- **Co (Cobalt):** Located in period 4, transition metal.
- **Ru (Ruthenium):** Located in period 5, transition metal.
Given these factors, Fe⁺ is likely to have the highest ionization energy due to the removal of an electron from an already positively charged ion, making it more difficult compared to the other neutral atoms.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff8694377-6fc6-42ae-8de0-e67443ab6c00%2F2585c7c7-2ddb-4a97-84c4-beccc74ea41b%2F10rrc6v_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:**
Circle the species with the largest ionization energy and explain your reasoning.
Os, Fe⁺, Co, Ru
**Explanation:**
To determine which species has the largest ionization energy, consider the periodic trends:
1. **Ionization Energy Trend:** Ionization energy generally increases across a period (left to right) and decreases down a group (top to bottom) in the periodic table.
2. **Charge:** Ionized species often have different ionization energies compared to their neutral counterparts. Removing more electrons from an already positively charged ion requires more energy.
3. **Electron Configuration:** Look at the electronic configuration of each element, as configurations that are stable (e.g., filled or half-filled subshells) will typically have higher ionization energies.
**Analysis:**
- **Os (Osmium):** Located in period 6, transition metal.
- **Fe⁺ (Iron ion):** Ion with a positive charge; removing another electron will require energy.
- **Co (Cobalt):** Located in period 4, transition metal.
- **Ru (Ruthenium):** Located in period 5, transition metal.
Given these factors, Fe⁺ is likely to have the highest ionization energy due to the removal of an electron from an already positively charged ion, making it more difficult compared to the other neutral atoms.
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