Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Chemistry
Choose the most acidic hydrogen in each of the following molecules: Н H Н. н Н Н н н н н 0= H

Choose the most acidic hydrogen in each of the following molecules: Н H Н. н Н Н н н н н 0= H

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
icon
Concept explainers
Question
### Problem 2: Identifying the Most Acidic Hydrogen In this exercise, you are asked to determine the most acidic hydrogen in each of the provided molecular structures. Acidic hydrogens are typically found in positions where the resulting anion (after deprotonation) is significantly stabilized through factors such as resonance, electronegativity, or inductive effects. #### Molecular Structures: 1. **First Structure:** - This molecule is a cyclic compound with a six-membered ring consisting of 2 ketone groups (C=O) adjacent to a nitrogen atom (N), which is also connected to an amide (NH) and an alcohol (OH) group. - The potential acidic hydrogens are the ones attached to the NH and OH groups. 2. **Second Structure:** - This is a linear molecule with a double bond (C=C), and it contains both a ketone (C=O) and an ester (O=C-O) functional group. - Potential acidic hydrogens include those adjacent to the double bond and those alpha to the carbonyl (C=O) groups. 3. **Third Structure:** - Another linear molecule with multiple ketone groups (C=O) and a terminal aldehyde group (C=O-H). - The potential acidic hydrogen includes the hydrogen on the terminal aldehyde and those adjacent to the carbonyl groups. ### Diagrams Explanation - **First Structure:** - Depicts a six-membered ring (cyclohexane) with alternating double bonds, labeled with an oxygen atom double-bonded to a carbon, and an NH group continuously bonded to another carbon, which is connected to an alcohol group. - The hydrogen on the OH group can be acidic due to resonance stabilization of the negative charge on the oxygen atom after deprotonation, especially in the context of the ring structure and adjacent ketone's electron-withdrawing effects. - **Second Structure:** - Shown as a linear chain with a double bond between two carbon atoms, an ester group (\( -CO_2C \)) near the end, and a number of hydrogens bonded to the carbon skeleton. - The α-hydrogen (hydrogen on the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group) tends to be acidic since the negative charge after deprotonation can be delocalized onto the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group. -
Transcribed Image Text:### Problem 2: Identifying the Most Acidic Hydrogen In this exercise, you are asked to determine the most acidic hydrogen in each of the provided molecular structures. Acidic hydrogens are typically found in positions where the resulting anion (after deprotonation) is significantly stabilized through factors such as resonance, electronegativity, or inductive effects. #### Molecular Structures: 1. **First Structure:** - This molecule is a cyclic compound with a six-membered ring consisting of 2 ketone groups (C=O) adjacent to a nitrogen atom (N), which is also connected to an amide (NH) and an alcohol (OH) group. - The potential acidic hydrogens are the ones attached to the NH and OH groups. 2. **Second Structure:** - This is a linear molecule with a double bond (C=C), and it contains both a ketone (C=O) and an ester (O=C-O) functional group. - Potential acidic hydrogens include those adjacent to the double bond and those alpha to the carbonyl (C=O) groups. 3. **Third Structure:** - Another linear molecule with multiple ketone groups (C=O) and a terminal aldehyde group (C=O-H). - The potential acidic hydrogen includes the hydrogen on the terminal aldehyde and those adjacent to the carbonyl groups. ### Diagrams Explanation - **First Structure:** - Depicts a six-membered ring (cyclohexane) with alternating double bonds, labeled with an oxygen atom double-bonded to a carbon, and an NH group continuously bonded to another carbon, which is connected to an alcohol group. - The hydrogen on the OH group can be acidic due to resonance stabilization of the negative charge on the oxygen atom after deprotonation, especially in the context of the ring structure and adjacent ketone's electron-withdrawing effects. - **Second Structure:** - Shown as a linear chain with a double bond between two carbon atoms, an ester group (\( -CO_2C \)) near the end, and a number of hydrogens bonded to the carbon skeleton. - The α-hydrogen (hydrogen on the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group) tends to be acidic since the negative charge after deprotonation can be delocalized onto the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group. -
Expert Solution
steps

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps with 4 images

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Ionic Equilibrium
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS