Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
In the splicing of group I introns shown, does the 5′ end of the intron have a phosphate group? Explain.
Introns are the inert elements in the DNA. They are otherwise said to be non coding regions of DNA which does not transcribe for any protein. They are removed during RNA splicing mechanism.
In cells, which carry out the mechanism of self splicing, a nucleotide base begins the process of splicing. The two types of introns which carry out self splicing are group I and group II introns.
The mode of action of group 1 intron is: In this mechanism, a free guanosine nucleotide binds to a site which leads to the cleavage of the RNA at the 3’ end of exon 1. The 5’ end of exon 2 is cleaved with the help of another guanosine residue. The 3’ and 5’ ends are then joined by a covalent bond.
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