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Oogenesis
The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase.
Cell Division
Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons:
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- Chloroplasts and mitochondria are both unusual in that they have double membranes and contain their own set of DNA. Can you think of any explanations for this observation?Biologists have long been interested in the effects of radiation on cells. In one experiment, researchers examined the effect of radium on mitosis of chick embryo cells growing in culture. A population of experimental cells was examined under the microscope for the number of cells in telophase (as a measure of mitosis occurring) before, during, and after exposure to radium. The results are shown in the Figure. What is the effect of radium exposure on mitosis? Source: R. G. Canti and M. Donaldson. 1926. The effect of radium on mitosis in vitro. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character 100:413419.Chloroplasts and mitochondria require protein import because Select one: O a. these organelles have a genome O b. these organelles don't have a genome O c. these organelles have ribosomes, but can't make proteins Od. these organelles don't have ribosome's most of the proteins required by these organelles are encoded by genes in the nucleus e. due Dec 8 at 5pm Jump to... O Next p-
- Imagine you are the chief biologist at NASA when Perseverance IIl returns from its mission to Earth-like exoplanet Proxima Centauri b with actual living cells. You examine the cells in a variety of ways and find that they have what look like organelles, but very different from those in Earth species. Based on their appearance, you have named them cheese hats, kidney beans, and Drake. The cells secrete a gelatinous substance that you name "PC goo" and determine that it is comprised of polysaccharides containing the monosaccharides L-xylose and L-arabinose. Curious about how these alien cells synthesize PC goo prior to secretion, you perform a Pulse-Chase experiment using radioactively-labeled L-xylose. The resulting data are plotted in the graph below. 100 cheese hats kidney beans 50 Drake --- medium (extracellular) 20 40 60 Time after chase (min.) A conclusion that may reasonably be drawn from this data is that: O PC goo is synthesized in Drake. O Cheese hats are the 2nd organelle that…One difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ______ prokaryotic cells. have a plasma membrane, which is lacking in have membrane-enclosed structures called organelles, which are lacking in have a nucleoid region, which is lacking in have DNA, which is lacking inSome cells in your body frequently divide, while others in your body rarely, if ever, divide. a. What type of cell frequently divides? b. What type of cell infrequently divides? c. How would the two cells differ in their interphase?
- If a mad scientist hands you a cell culture with 100 cells that just entered g1. He needs to extract the MOST possible DNA from 100 cells. On top of that, he requires that the DNA cannot be condensed. To accomplish this goal he gives you a set of chemicals that will stop a cell in any part of the cell cycle you want. What part of the cell cycle would you stop the cell at, that matches those requirements?The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus are both membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells. Which statement describes one way in which the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus work together? The Golgi apparatus assembles mRNA, and the endoplasmic reticulum translates them into proteins. The endoplasmic reticulum assembles mRNA molecules, and the Golgi apparatus translates them into proteins. The Golgi apparatus assembles proteins, and the endoplasmic reticulum modifies and packages them. The endoplasmic reticulum assembles proteins and the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages them.During mitosis, the cohesin protein holds the sister chromatids together and is broken down by the ___________ protein. Shugosin protects cohesin from being broken down in the ________________ region until the anaphase stage when the sister chromatids separate. separase; centromere cyclin; centrosome H1 histone; heterochromatic shugoshin; nuclear ribobuclease; cytoplasmic
- The continuity of life depends on a cell cycle during which genetic information is passed from a parent cell to daughter cells. Because cell division plays several important roles in life, it is important that the cycle be regulated. Which of the following are reasons the cell cycle must be regulated? Select all that apply. The continuity of life depends on a cell cycle during which genetic information is passed from a parent cell to daughter cells. Because cell division plays several important roles in life, it is important that the cycle be regulated.Which of the following are reasons the cell cycle must be regulated? Select all that apply.[ ]To make sure cells only divide when conditions are favorable for growth and development of the organism[ ]To make sure daughter cells end up with the right number of chromosomes[ ]To make sure daughter cells are genetically different from the parent cell[ ]To allow cells to respond to cues from their internal state and from their environment.The cell cycle results in the production of ______. four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic informationThe function of the lysosome is to ____________. Select one: a. remove ubiquitinated proteins b. make proteins c. package proteins into vesicles d. recycle macromolecules e. transport proteins to the golgi Clear my choice
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