Chilled pharmaceutical is transported through a steel pipe ( k= 15.0 W/m.k) with an inner diameter of 36 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm. The liquid and ambient air are at temperatures of 5 C and 25 C, while the inner and outer convection coefficients are 500 W/m2.K and 10 W/m2.K respectively. If a 10 mm thick layer of calcium silicate ( k= 0.05 W/m.K) is applied to the tube, answer the following questions: Part A : What is the heat gain per 1m of the tube? Part B : What is the outside temperature of the calcium silicate?

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Conduction and Convection

When energy travels from one object to another it is said to have undergone heat transfer. Heat transfer is nothing but the transfer of thermal energy or internal energy from one thing to another, like e.g., when a vessel with water, kept on top of a burner, heats up because of the flame underneath it.