The image depicts a chemical reaction sequence involving a two-step transformation of a ketone. **Chemical Structure:** - The starting material is a ketone with a carbonyl group (C=O) attached to a main chain, which also features an isopropyl group as a side chain. The compound is acetone, formally called 2-propanone. **Reaction Conditions:** 1. **First Step:** - Reagent: Potassium tert-butoxide (KOt-Bu) - Temperature: 25°C In this step, potassium tert-butoxide likely acts as a strong base, deprotonating the keto group or the alpha hydrogen of the ketone, initiating an enolate formation. 2. **Second Step:** - Reagent: 1-bromo-3-methylbutane Following formation of the enolate, it may react with the bromoalkane through an SN2 mechanism resulting in an alkylation process where the alkene ion attacks the electrophilic carbon attached to bromine, leading to the substitution of bromine with the carbon chain. **Explanation:** This reaction demonstrates a common synthetic pathway where a ketone is first treated with a strong base to form an enolate intermediate, which is then alkylated by an alkyl halide. This strategy is often used in organic chemistry to extend carbon skeletons and introduce new functional groups.
The image depicts a chemical reaction sequence involving a two-step transformation of a ketone. **Chemical Structure:** - The starting material is a ketone with a carbonyl group (C=O) attached to a main chain, which also features an isopropyl group as a side chain. The compound is acetone, formally called 2-propanone. **Reaction Conditions:** 1. **First Step:** - Reagent: Potassium tert-butoxide (KOt-Bu) - Temperature: 25°C In this step, potassium tert-butoxide likely acts as a strong base, deprotonating the keto group or the alpha hydrogen of the ketone, initiating an enolate formation. 2. **Second Step:** - Reagent: 1-bromo-3-methylbutane Following formation of the enolate, it may react with the bromoalkane through an SN2 mechanism resulting in an alkylation process where the alkene ion attacks the electrophilic carbon attached to bromine, leading to the substitution of bromine with the carbon chain. **Explanation:** This reaction demonstrates a common synthetic pathway where a ketone is first treated with a strong base to form an enolate intermediate, which is then alkylated by an alkyl halide. This strategy is often used in organic chemistry to extend carbon skeletons and introduce new functional groups.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
Question
Draw the major organic product for the following two-step reaction and select which enolate anion is formed in the reaction.
Transcribed Image Text:The image depicts a chemical reaction sequence involving a two-step transformation of a ketone.
**Chemical Structure:**
- The starting material is a ketone with a carbonyl group (C=O) attached to a main chain, which also features an isopropyl group as a side chain. The compound is acetone, formally called 2-propanone.
**Reaction Conditions:**
1. **First Step:**
- Reagent: Potassium tert-butoxide (KOt-Bu)
- Temperature: 25°C
In this step, potassium tert-butoxide likely acts as a strong base, deprotonating the keto group or the alpha hydrogen of the ketone, initiating an enolate formation.
2. **Second Step:**
- Reagent: 1-bromo-3-methylbutane
Following formation of the enolate, it may react with the bromoalkane through an SN2 mechanism resulting in an alkylation process where the alkene ion attacks the electrophilic carbon attached to bromine, leading to the substitution of bromine with the carbon chain.
**Explanation:**
This reaction demonstrates a common synthetic pathway where a ketone is first treated with a strong base to form an enolate intermediate, which is then alkylated by an alkyl halide. This strategy is often used in organic chemistry to extend carbon skeletons and introduce new functional groups.
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