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### Infrared Spectroscopy Graph Explanation This graph represents an infrared (IR) spectrum, displaying transmittance percentage against wavenumbers (in cm⁻¹). The plot is used in analyzing molecular vibrations within a sample, identifying functional groups present in a compound. **Graph Details:** - **X-Axis (Wavenumbers):** Ranges from 4000 cm⁻¹ to 500 cm⁻¹. Higher wavenumbers indicate higher energy vibrations typically associated with stretching bonds (e.g., O-H, C-H), while lower wavenumbers are related to bending vibrations. - **Y-Axis (% Transmittance):** Ranges from 0 to 100%. Peaks in the spectrum correspond to frequencies where the sample absorbs infrared light, indicating the presence of specific molecular bonds. **Key Absorption Peaks:** 1. **3835.00 cm⁻¹ and 3744.43 cm⁻¹:** These are within the O-H stretch region, typical for alcohols or water vapor. 2. **3398.60 cm⁻¹:** A strong peak, often associated with N-H or O-H stretches. 3. **2941.20 cm⁻¹ and 2890.44 cm⁻¹:** Indicate C-H stretching in alkane groups. 4. **2366.08 cm⁻¹:** Often corresponds to C≡N triple bond stretches or CO₂ overtones. 5. **2179.42 cm⁻¹ to 2112.14 cm⁻¹:** Region associated with C≡C or C≡N stretches. 6. **1987.83 cm⁻¹:** May indicate conjugated C=C vibrations or other R−C(O)−R stretches. 7. **1704.51 cm⁻¹:** A characteristic peak for C=O stretching, common in aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. 8. **1660.66 cm⁻¹:** Could represent C=C stretching in alkenes. 9. **1458.53 cm⁻¹ and 1416.81 cm⁻¹:** Typically associated with C-H bending motions in alkanes or aromatics. 10. **1364.91 cm⁻¹:** Indicative of C-H bending in methyl groups. 11. **1172.68 cm⁻¹:** Common for C-O stretches in alcohol

### Infrared Spectroscopy Graph Explanation This graph represents an infrared (IR) spectrum, displaying transmittance percentage against wavenumbers (in cm⁻¹). The plot is used in analyzing molecular vibrations within a sample, identifying functional groups present in a compound. **Graph Details:** - **X-Axis (Wavenumbers):** Ranges from 4000 cm⁻¹ to 500 cm⁻¹. Higher wavenumbers indicate higher energy vibrations typically associated with stretching bonds (e.g., O-H, C-H), while lower wavenumbers are related to bending vibrations. - **Y-Axis (% Transmittance):** Ranges from 0 to 100%. Peaks in the spectrum correspond to frequencies where the sample absorbs infrared light, indicating the presence of specific molecular bonds. **Key Absorption Peaks:** 1. **3835.00 cm⁻¹ and 3744.43 cm⁻¹:** These are within the O-H stretch region, typical for alcohols or water vapor. 2. **3398.60 cm⁻¹:** A strong peak, often associated with N-H or O-H stretches. 3. **2941.20 cm⁻¹ and 2890.44 cm⁻¹:** Indicate C-H stretching in alkane groups. 4. **2366.08 cm⁻¹:** Often corresponds to C≡N triple bond stretches or CO₂ overtones. 5. **2179.42 cm⁻¹ to 2112.14 cm⁻¹:** Region associated with C≡C or C≡N stretches. 6. **1987.83 cm⁻¹:** May indicate conjugated C=C vibrations or other R−C(O)−R stretches. 7. **1704.51 cm⁻¹:** A characteristic peak for C=O stretching, common in aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. 8. **1660.66 cm⁻¹:** Could represent C=C stretching in alkenes. 9. **1458.53 cm⁻¹ and 1416.81 cm⁻¹:** Typically associated with C-H bending motions in alkanes or aromatics. 10. **1364.91 cm⁻¹:** Indicative of C-H bending in methyl groups. 11. **1172.68 cm⁻¹:** Common for C-O stretches in alcohol

Chemistry
Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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 Discuss the diagnostic bands which will be everything in the non-fingerprint region. Have a sentence that says that all the wavenumbers are in cm-1 then you don't have to have cm-1 with every number or number range. What is the identity of the unknown? 

### Infrared Spectroscopy Graph Explanation This graph represents an infrared (IR) spectrum, displaying transmittance percentage against wavenumbers (in cm⁻¹). The plot is used in analyzing molecular vibrations within a sample, identifying functional groups present in a compound. **Graph Details:** - **X-Axis (Wavenumbers):** Ranges from 4000 cm⁻¹ to 500 cm⁻¹. Higher wavenumbers indicate higher energy vibrations typically associated with stretching bonds (e.g., O-H, C-H), while lower wavenumbers are related to bending vibrations. - **Y-Axis (% Transmittance):** Ranges from 0 to 100%. Peaks in the spectrum correspond to frequencies where the sample absorbs infrared light, indicating the presence of specific molecular bonds. **Key Absorption Peaks:** 1. **3835.00 cm⁻¹ and 3744.43 cm⁻¹:** These are within the O-H stretch region, typical for alcohols or water vapor. 2. **3398.60 cm⁻¹:** A strong peak, often associated with N-H or O-H stretches. 3. **2941.20 cm⁻¹ and 2890.44 cm⁻¹:** Indicate C-H stretching in alkane groups. 4. **2366.08 cm⁻¹:** Often corresponds to C≡N triple bond stretches or CO₂ overtones. 5. **2179.42 cm⁻¹ to 2112.14 cm⁻¹:** Region associated with C≡C or C≡N stretches. 6. **1987.83 cm⁻¹:** May indicate conjugated C=C vibrations or other R−C(O)−R stretches. 7. **1704.51 cm⁻¹:** A characteristic peak for C=O stretching, common in aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. 8. **1660.66 cm⁻¹:** Could represent C=C stretching in alkenes. 9. **1458.53 cm⁻¹ and 1416.81 cm⁻¹:** Typically associated with C-H bending motions in alkanes or aromatics. 10. **1364.91 cm⁻¹:** Indicative of C-H bending in methyl groups. 11. **1172.68 cm⁻¹:** Common for C-O stretches in alcohol
Transcribed Image Text:### Infrared Spectroscopy Graph Explanation This graph represents an infrared (IR) spectrum, displaying transmittance percentage against wavenumbers (in cm⁻¹). The plot is used in analyzing molecular vibrations within a sample, identifying functional groups present in a compound. **Graph Details:** - **X-Axis (Wavenumbers):** Ranges from 4000 cm⁻¹ to 500 cm⁻¹. Higher wavenumbers indicate higher energy vibrations typically associated with stretching bonds (e.g., O-H, C-H), while lower wavenumbers are related to bending vibrations. - **Y-Axis (% Transmittance):** Ranges from 0 to 100%. Peaks in the spectrum correspond to frequencies where the sample absorbs infrared light, indicating the presence of specific molecular bonds. **Key Absorption Peaks:** 1. **3835.00 cm⁻¹ and 3744.43 cm⁻¹:** These are within the O-H stretch region, typical for alcohols or water vapor. 2. **3398.60 cm⁻¹:** A strong peak, often associated with N-H or O-H stretches. 3. **2941.20 cm⁻¹ and 2890.44 cm⁻¹:** Indicate C-H stretching in alkane groups. 4. **2366.08 cm⁻¹:** Often corresponds to C≡N triple bond stretches or CO₂ overtones. 5. **2179.42 cm⁻¹ to 2112.14 cm⁻¹:** Region associated with C≡C or C≡N stretches. 6. **1987.83 cm⁻¹:** May indicate conjugated C=C vibrations or other R−C(O)−R stretches. 7. **1704.51 cm⁻¹:** A characteristic peak for C=O stretching, common in aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. 8. **1660.66 cm⁻¹:** Could represent C=C stretching in alkenes. 9. **1458.53 cm⁻¹ and 1416.81 cm⁻¹:** Typically associated with C-H bending motions in alkanes or aromatics. 10. **1364.91 cm⁻¹:** Indicative of C-H bending in methyl groups. 11. **1172.68 cm⁻¹:** Common for C-O stretches in alcohol
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