In compounds that contain more than two atoms, it is common to refer to the orbitals so that each atom is prepared to make bonds in the observed geometry. geometries with a hybridization label. This label refers a mixing of atomic Geometry Linear Hybridization Orbitals Bonding 20 sp Cartoon 2 sp-orbitals 2 p-orbitals Trigonal Planar sp2 3 sp²-orbitals 1 p-orbitals 3 o 1 T Tetrahedral sp3 4 sp-orbitals 0 p-orbitals 4 o Trigonal sp°d 5 sp°d -orbitals 4 d-orbital 5 o Bipyramidal* 0-4 T Octahedral* sp³d? 6 sp°d?-orbitals 3 d-orbitals 0-3 T * There are exceptions to this table but these are the examples we will use. How many orbitals does each atom have? • Does that match the number of orbitals in its valence shell? Does the number of orbitals match the number of bonds? • Label the pictures of the orbitals in the table above with the type of bond each can make. • Draw a picture of two sp? carbons forming ethene (CH2CH2) with 4 hydrogen atoms. Draw a picture of a carbon forming methane (CH4) with 4 hydrogen atoms. • Draw a picture of two sp carbons forming ethyne (HCCH).
In compounds that contain more than two atoms, it is common to refer to the orbitals so that each atom is prepared to make bonds in the observed geometry. geometries with a hybridization label. This label refers a mixing of atomic Geometry Linear Hybridization Orbitals Bonding 20 sp Cartoon 2 sp-orbitals 2 p-orbitals Trigonal Planar sp2 3 sp²-orbitals 1 p-orbitals 3 o 1 T Tetrahedral sp3 4 sp-orbitals 0 p-orbitals 4 o Trigonal sp°d 5 sp°d -orbitals 4 d-orbital 5 o Bipyramidal* 0-4 T Octahedral* sp³d? 6 sp°d?-orbitals 3 d-orbitals 0-3 T * There are exceptions to this table but these are the examples we will use. How many orbitals does each atom have? • Does that match the number of orbitals in its valence shell? Does the number of orbitals match the number of bonds? • Label the pictures of the orbitals in the table above with the type of bond each can make. • Draw a picture of two sp? carbons forming ethene (CH2CH2) with 4 hydrogen atoms. Draw a picture of a carbon forming methane (CH4) with 4 hydrogen atoms. • Draw a picture of two sp carbons forming ethyne (HCCH).
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question

Transcribed Image Text:In compounds that contain more than two atoms, it is common to refer to the
orbitals so that each atom is prepared to make bonds in the observed geometry.
geometries with a hybridization label. This label refers a mixing of atomic
Geometry
Linear
Hybridization Orbitals
Bonding
20
sp
Cartoon
2 sp-orbitals
2 p-orbitals
Trigonal
Planar
sp2
3 sp²-orbitals
1 p-orbitals
3 o
1 T
Tetrahedral
sp3
4 sp-orbitals
0 p-orbitals
4 o
Trigonal
sp°d
5 sp°d -orbitals
4 d-orbital
5 o
Bipyramidal*
0-4 T
Octahedral*
sp³d?
6 sp°d?-orbitals
3 d-orbitals
0-3 T
* There are exceptions to this table but these are the examples we will use.
How many orbitals does each atom have?
• Does that match the number of orbitals in its valence shell?
Does the number of orbitals match the number of bonds?
• Label the pictures of the orbitals in the table above with the type of bond
each can make.
• Draw a picture of two sp? carbons forming ethene (CH2CH2) with 4
hydrogen atoms.
Draw a picture of a carbon forming methane (CH4) with 4 hydrogen atoms.
• Draw a picture of two sp carbons forming ethyne (HCCH).
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