Chemical reactions occur when molecules or atoms collide in a way that the bonds between atoms break and new bonds form. Breaking the bonds of the reactants requires energy, whereas bond formation releases energy. Select the true statements regarding energy changes during a reaction. The energy of a collision between atoms or molecules must be greater than or equal to the activation energy, Ea, for bonds to be broken. When the activation energy is high, the reaction rate is fast. The activation energy, Ea, of the forward reaction is the difference between the energy of the products and the energy of the transition state. Decreasing the temperature decreases the kinetic energy of the reactants, and the reaction goes more slowly. Reactants must collide with proper orientation and with energy greater than or equal to the activation energy for a reaction to occur. Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the number of collisions, and the reaction goes faster. If the heat of reaction, AH, is positive, the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants and the reaction is exothermic.

Chemical reactions occur when molecules or atoms collide in a way that the bonds between atoms break and new bonds form. Breaking the bonds of the reactants requires energy, whereas bond formation releases energy. Select the true statements regarding energy changes during a reaction. The energy of a collision between atoms or molecules must be greater than or equal to the activation energy, Ea, for bonds to be broken. When the activation energy is high, the reaction rate is fast. The activation energy, Ea, of the forward reaction is the difference between the energy of the products and the energy of the transition state. Decreasing the temperature decreases the kinetic energy of the reactants, and the reaction goes more slowly. Reactants must collide with proper orientation and with energy greater than or equal to the activation energy for a reaction to occur. Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the number of collisions, and the reaction goes faster. If the heat of reaction, AH, is positive, the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants and the reaction is exothermic.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

The rate constant of a certain reaction is known to obey the Arrhenius equation, and to have an activation energy E=39.0 kJ/mol. If the rate constant of this -1 reaction is 6.0 x 102 M's -1 at 9.0 °C, what will the rate constant be at 53.0 °C? Round your answer to 2 significant digits. -1 k = x10
A zero order reaction has a constant rate of 3.1 × 10−4 mol·L−1·s−1. If after 60 seconds the concentration has dropped to 4.7 × 10−2 mol·L−1, what was the initial concentration (in mol·L−1)? Express your answer to two significant figures.
The rate constant of a certain reaction is known to obey the Arrhenius equation, and to have an activation energy E,=11.0 kJ/mol. If the rate constant of this a 1 - 1 reaction is 3.2 × 10° M S. at 112.0 °C, what will the rate constant be at 149.0 °C? Round your answer to 2 significant digits. 1 - 1 k = ] M x10 •S ?
The rate of a certain reaction is given by the following rate law: rate=k[H,][NH,] rate = Use this information to answer the questions below. What is the reaction order in H2? What is the reaction order in NH3? What is overall reaction order? At a certain concentration of H2 and NH3, the initial rate of M reaction is 4.0 x 103 M / s. What would the initial rate of the reaction be if the concentration of H2 were doubled? Round S your answer to 2 significant digits. The rate of the reaction is measured to be 50.0 M / s when [H2] = 1.7 M and [NH3] = 0.15 M. Calculate the value of the k = 0M -2 -1 •S rate constant. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
A certain catalyzed reaction is known to have an activation energy E= 11.0 kJ/mol. Furthermore, the rate of this reaction is measured at 296. K and found to be 1.1 × 10 M/s. Use this information to answer the questions in the table below. Suppose the concentrations of all reactants is kept the same, but the temperature is raised by 10% from 296. K to 326. K. How will the rate of the reaction change? Suppose the concentrations of all reactants is kept the same, but the catalyst is removed, which has the effect of raising the activation energy by 5%, from 11.0 kJ/mol to 11.6 kJ/mol. How will the rate of the reaction change? The rate will The rate will choose one choose one choose one stay the same rise about 5% rise more than 5% rise less than 5% fall about 5% fall more than 5% fall less than 5% V
Consider the reaction: H2 (g) +I2 (g) → 2 HI (g) A chemist performed an experiment and monitored the concentration of I2 during the course of the reaction. The red line in the graph below represents the results obtained. Which line in the plot would best represent how the concentration of HI changes during the course of the reaction? Time (s) Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a a b b d d е е Concentration (M)
Write the reaction rate expressions for the reaction below in terms of the disappearance of the reactants and the appearance of products. Give the expressions for the disappearance of the reactants first, in the order written in the chemical equation. Then write the expressions for the appearance of the products in the order written in the chemical equation. Write the expressions in order of appearance in the equation in the form. where + is either a plus OR a minus sign, not both, X is an integer, and A is a chemical species. Do not include the state of matter. 1 A[4] X At 2H2(g) + O,(g) → 2H,O(g) 1 The rate = At At At
A certain catalyzed reaction is Known to have an activation energy Ea=29.0 kJ/mol. Furthermore, the rate of this reaction is measured at 331 K and found to be 2.7× 10* M/s. Use this information to answer the questions in the table below. Suppose the concentrations of all reactants is kept the same, but the temperature is raised by 10% from 331 K to 364 K. How will the rate or the reaction change? Suppose the concentrations of all reactants is kept the same, but the catalyst is removed which has the eftect of raising the activation energy by 10%, from 29.0 kJ/mol to 31.9 kJ mol How will the rate or the reaction change?
Deducing a rate law from initial reaction rate data Some measurements of the initial rate of a certain reaction are given in the table below. [N] [H] initial rate of reaction 0.977 M 1.26 M 0.162 M/s 2.87 M 1.26 M 1.40 M/s 0.977 M 2.13 M 0.274 M/s Use this information to write a rate law for this reaction, and calculate the value of the rate constant k. Round your value for the rate constant to 3 significant digits. Also be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol. rate = kO k = 0 Explanation Check O 2021 McGraw-Hill Education, All Rights Type here to search 立
Aluminum will slowly react with oxygen to produce aluminum oxide. The rate of this reaction has been measured for two different reaction conditions. The rate is 4 mmol/s when 2 M Al is reacted with 3 M O, and the rate is 2 mmol/s when 1 M Al is reacted with 3 M O. What would be the value of M for the rate equation, rate = k [Al]^m[O}^n
(#28) Reaction Rates and time. A decomposition reaction in the first order has a rate constant of 1.26 x 10-4/sec. If the initial concentration of the reactant is 0.644 M. how much time will it take before 20% of the reactant has decomposed? 28a) In blank #1, type-in the working formula to solve for the time required. Enter the algebraic formula as a one-line equation and without spaces in between characters. Use lowercase for all fonts. 28b) In blank #2, type in your answer for the time it will take for 20% f the reactant to decompose. The answer is in seconds but do not include the unit. Enter your answer as a whole number with four significant figures.
Under certain conditions the rate of this reaction is zero order in hydrogen iodide with a rate constant of 0.0069 M · s¯¹: 2 HI(g) → H₂(g) +1₂(g) Suppose a 5.0 L flask is charged under these conditions with 400. mmol of hydrogen iodide. How much is left 3.0 s later? You may assume no other reaction is important. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if necessary, and round it to the correct number of significant digits. 0 00 X x10 ? olo Ar