Chargaff's Rule implies the percentage of adenine-thymine pairs and the percentage of cytosine-guanine pairs equals 100. What is the approximate percentage cytosine in the sample octopus DNA? * Organism %A %G %T %C Octopus 32.8 17.3 32.2 Rat 28.6 28.4 21.4 Human 29.1 20.7 20.3 20.5 29.3 20.5 Grasshopper 21% 29% 17% 33%

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.