Trace the evolution of birds from basal theropods through Archaeopteryx by putting a check if the morphology is present. ### Evolutionary Characteristics Comparison: Basal Theropods, Archaeopteryx, and Modern Birds#### Skeletal Diagrams1. **Basal Theropods**: - Illustrated with a pelvis showing the IlIium, Ischium, and Pubis bones.2. **Archaeopteryx**: - Not visually depicted with a diagram in this section.3. **Modern Bird**: - Illustrated with a pelvis showing the IlIium, Ischium, and Pubis bones, similar in positioning to that of basal theropods.#### Characteristics Table| Characteristics | Basal Theropods | *Archaeopteryx* | Modern Bird ||-------------------------------------|-----------------|----------------|-------------|| Teeth | ✓ | ✓ | || Forelimb Claws | | ✓ | || Long Tail | ✓ | ✓ | || Feathers | | ✓ | ✓ || Wings with Contour Feathers | | ✓ | ✓ |### Key Points:- **Teeth**: Present in both basal theropods and *Archaeopteryx*, but absent in modern birds.- **Forelimb Claws**: Found in *Archaeopteryx*, but not in the other two.- **Long Tail**: Both basal theropods and *Archaeopteryx* have long tails, whereas modern birds do not.- **Feathers**: Present in both *Archaeopteryx* and modern birds, but not in basal theropods.- **Wings with Contour Feathers**: Seen in both *Archaeopteryx* and modern birds, indicating an adaptation towards flight.This chart provides insights into the evolutionary link between dinosaurs and modern birds, highlighting transitional features in *Archaeopteryx*.

Answered: Characteristics Ilium F Pubis Ischium…

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)

9th Edition

ISBN:9780134746241

Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1LR

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Question

Trace the evolution of birds from basal theropods through Archaeopteryx by putting a check if the morphology is present.

### Evolutionary Characteristics Comparison: Basal Theropods, Archaeopteryx, and Modern Birds

#### Skeletal Diagrams

1. **Basal Theropods**:
- Illustrated with a pelvis showing the IlIium, Ischium, and Pubis bones.

2. **Archaeopteryx**:
- Not visually depicted with a diagram in this section.

3. **Modern Bird**:
- Illustrated with a pelvis showing the IlIium, Ischium, and Pubis bones, similar in positioning to that of basal theropods.

#### Characteristics Table

| Characteristics | Basal Theropods | *Archaeopteryx* | Modern Bird |
|-------------------------------------|-----------------|----------------|-------------|
| Teeth | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Forelimb Claws | | ✓ | |
| Long Tail | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Feathers | | ✓ | ✓ |
| Wings with Contour Feathers | | ✓ | ✓ |

### Key Points:

- **Teeth**: Present in both basal theropods and *Archaeopteryx*, but absent in modern birds.
- **Forelimb Claws**: Found in *Archaeopteryx*, but not in the other two.
- **Long Tail**: Both basal theropods and *Archaeopteryx* have long tails, whereas modern birds do not.
- **Feathers**: Present in both *Archaeopteryx* and modern birds, but not in basal theropods.
- **Wings with Contour Feathers**: Seen in both *Archaeopteryx* and modern birds, indicating an adaptation towards flight.

This chart provides insights into the evolutionary link between dinosaurs and modern birds, highlighting transitional features in *Archaeopteryx*.

Expert Solution

Step 1

There are several theropods which are recognized as the most primitive dinosaurs known. Although they are now classified as primitive theropods, they were once considered to be the most primitive dinosaurs, predating the split between the saurischians and ornithischians.

Ziphodont (that is, blade-like serrated) teeth

All theropods were bipedal, meaning that they stood upright and ran or walked on their two hind limbs. Their legs were long and muscular; in many species, the tibia, or shin bone, was longer than the femur, or thigh bone.