Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:E. Nomenclature of Alkene Stereoisomers (E/Z and trans/cis)
Stereoisomer = compounds with the same molecular formula that differ only in the arrangement of their atoms in space.
(Free rotation around double bonds cannot occur unless the double bond is broken and reformed.)
(Cyclic alkenes of less than 7 carbons are always cis due to the size of the ring and do not have a cis
prefix.)
CH,
H3C
CH3
Critical Thinking Question (CTQ):
18. Write the molecular formula for each of the compounds above.
19. Does the name 2-butene indicate which of the stereoisomers above is being referred to?
20. To indicate the difference between alkenes that have 2 substituents across a double bond, use the
prefix trans (across the double bond relative to each other) or cis (same side of the double bond to
each other). Thus, the correct IUPAC names for the compounds above are cis-2-butene and trans-2-
butene.
21. Add cis or trans where needed to the IUPAC names in the alkene CTQ question above.
When more than 2 substituents exist around a double bond, cis and trans can no longer accurately describe the
stereoisomers and a different systems is used, the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog convention of E and Z. This system can also be
used for alkenes with only 2 substituents. It will be discussed when we cover the chapter on Alkenes and Alkynes
later in the semester.
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