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Carefully draw the mechanism of the following reaction using arrows to show the movement of electrons: Br Br2 FeBr3

Carefully draw the mechanism of the following reaction using arrows to show the movement of electrons: Br Br2 FeBr3

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Exercise 15**: Carefully draw the mechanism of the following reaction using arrows to show the movement of electrons. ### Reaction Details: - **Reactants**: Benzene ring (C₆H₅) and Bromine (Br₂) - **Catalyst**: Iron(III) bromide (FeBr₃) - **Product**: Bromobenzene (C₆H₅Br) ### Reaction Description: In this reaction, benzene undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution with bromine in the presence of FeBr₃, a catalyst. The key steps involved in this mechanism include the generation of a bromonium ion, attack of the benzene π-electrons on the bromonium ion, and the reformation of the aromatic system. 1. **Formation of the Electrophile**: - Br₂ reacts with FeBr₃ to form Br⁺ and FeBr₄⁻. 2. **Electrophilic Attack**: - The Br⁺ electrophile is attacked by the π-electrons of the benzene ring, forming a carbocation intermediate. 3. **Deprotonation**: - The hydrogen adjacent to the carbocation is removed by FeBr₄⁻, restoring aromaticity to the ring and releasing HBr. Overall, this reaction yields bromobenzene, a product wherein one hydrogen of the benzene ring is substituted with a bromine atom.
Transcribed Image Text:**Exercise 15**: Carefully draw the mechanism of the following reaction using arrows to show the movement of electrons. ### Reaction Details: - **Reactants**: Benzene ring (C₆H₅) and Bromine (Br₂) - **Catalyst**: Iron(III) bromide (FeBr₃) - **Product**: Bromobenzene (C₆H₅Br) ### Reaction Description: In this reaction, benzene undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution with bromine in the presence of FeBr₃, a catalyst. The key steps involved in this mechanism include the generation of a bromonium ion, attack of the benzene π-electrons on the bromonium ion, and the reformation of the aromatic system. 1. **Formation of the Electrophile**: - Br₂ reacts with FeBr₃ to form Br⁺ and FeBr₄⁻. 2. **Electrophilic Attack**: - The Br⁺ electrophile is attacked by the π-electrons of the benzene ring, forming a carbocation intermediate. 3. **Deprotonation**: - The hydrogen adjacent to the carbocation is removed by FeBr₄⁻, restoring aromaticity to the ring and releasing HBr. Overall, this reaction yields bromobenzene, a product wherein one hydrogen of the benzene ring is substituted with a bromine atom.
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