Capstone, Inc. is preparing its budget for the coming year, 2020. The first step is to plan for the first quarter of that coming year. Capstone, Inc. gathered the following information from the managers. Sales Unit sales for November 2019 112500 Unit sales for December 2019 104,000 Expected unit sales for January 2020 116,000 Expected unit sales for February 2020 115,500 Expected unit sales for March 2020 117,000 Expected unit sales for April 2020 135,000 Expected unit sales for May 2020 145,000 Unit selling price $13.00 Capstone, Inc. likes to keep 10% of the next month’s unit sales in ending inventory. All sales are on account. 85% of the Accounts Receivable are collected in the month of sale, and 15% of the Accounts Receivable are collected in the month after sale. Accounts receivable on December 31, 2019, totaled $200,000. Direct Materials Item Amount Used per Unit Inventory, Dec. 31 Metal 1 lb @ 58¢ per lb. 5,177.5 lbs Plastic 12 oz @ 6¢ per oz 3,883.125 lbs Rubber 12 oz @ 5¢ per oz 1,294.375 lbs 2.5 lbs per unit total 10,355.0 lbs Metal, plastic, and rubber together are 75¢ per pound per unit. (Hint: Do not prepare a separate materials purchases budget for each item of direct materials. Prepare a combined budget using the lbs per unit total applied to the budgeted production). Capstone, Inc. likes to keep 5% of the materials needed for the next month in its ending inventory. Payment for materials is made within 15 days. 50% is paid in the month of purchase, and 50% is paid in the month after purchase. Accounts Payable on December 31, 2019, totaled $125,000. Raw Materials on December 31, 2019, totaled 10,355 pounds. Direct Labor Labor requires 20 minutes per unit for completion and is paid at a rate of $10 per hour. Manufacturing Overhead Indirect materials 45¢ per labor hour Indirect labor 65¢ per labor hour Utilities 50¢ per labor hour Maintenance 25¢ per labor hour Salaries $42,000 per month Depreciation $16,800 per month Property taxes $ 2,675 per month Insurance $ 1,200 per month Janitorial $ 1,300 per month Selling and Administrative Variable selling and administrative cost per unit is $1.65. Fixed selling and administrative costs are as follows: Advertising $16,000 a month Insurance $ 1,300 a month Salaries $77,000 a month Depreciation $ 3,500 a month Other fixed costs $ 3,200 a month Other Information The Cash balance on December 31, 2019, totaled $125,000, but management has decided it would like to maintain a cash balance of at least $800,000 beginning on January 31, 2020. Dividends are paid each month at the rate of $1.35 per share for 7,500 shares outstanding. The company has an open line of credit with Romney’s Bank. The terms of the agreement require the borrowing to be in $1,000 increments at 8% interest. Capstone, Inc. borrows on the first day of the month and repays on the last day of the month. A $500,000 equipment purchase is planned for February. Instructions For the first quarter of 2020, do the following. Prepare a sales budget. Prepare a production budget. Prepare a direct materials budget. (Round to nearest dollar) Prepare a direct labor budget. (For calculations, round to the nearest hour.) Prepare a manufacturing overhead budget. (Round amounts to the nearest dollar.) Prepare a selling and administrative budget. Prepare a schedule for expected cash collections from customers. Prepare a schedule for expected payments for materials purchases. (Round totals to nearest dollar) Prepare a cash budget.
Master Budget
A master budget can be defined as an estimation of the revenue earned or expenses incurred over a specified period of time in the future and it is generally prepared on a periodic basis which can be either monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annually. It helps a business, an organization, or even an individual to manage the money effectively. A budget also helps in monitoring the performance of the people in the organization and helps in better decision-making.
Sales Budget and Selling
A budget is a financial plan designed by an undertaking for a definite period in future which acts as a major contributor towards enhancing the financial success of the business undertaking. The budget generally takes into account both current and future income and expenses.
Capstone, Inc. is preparing its budget for the coming year, 2020. The first step is to plan for the first quarter of that coming year. Capstone, Inc. gathered the following information from the managers.
Sales
Unit sales for November 2019 112500
Unit sales for December 2019 104,000
Expected unit sales for January 2020 116,000
Expected unit sales for February 2020 115,500
Expected unit sales for March 2020 117,000
Expected unit sales for April 2020 135,000
Expected unit sales for May 2020 145,000
Unit selling price $13.00
Capstone, Inc. likes to keep 10% of the next month’s unit sales in ending inventory. All sales are on account. 85% of the
Direct Materials
Item Amount Used per Unit Inventory, Dec. 31
Metal 1 lb @ 58¢ per lb. 5,177.5 lbs
Plastic 12 oz @ 6¢ per oz 3,883.125 lbs
Rubber 12 oz @ 5¢ per oz 1,294.375 lbs
2.5 lbs per unit total 10,355.0 lbs
Metal, plastic, and rubber together are 75¢ per pound per unit. (Hint: Do not prepare a separate materials purchases budget for each item of direct materials. Prepare a combined budget using the lbs per unit total applied to the budgeted production).
Capstone, Inc. likes to keep 5% of the materials needed for the next month in its ending inventory. Payment for materials is made within 15 days. 50% is paid in the month of purchase, and 50% is paid in the month after purchase. Accounts Payable on December 31, 2019, totaled $125,000. Raw Materials on December 31, 2019, totaled 10,355 pounds.
Direct Labor
Labor requires 20 minutes per unit for completion and is paid at a rate of $10 per hour.
Manufacturing
Indirect materials 45¢ per labor hour
Indirect labor 65¢ per labor hour
Utilities 50¢ per labor hour
Maintenance 25¢ per labor hour
Salaries $42,000 per month
Depreciation $16,800 per month
Property taxes $ 2,675 per month
Insurance $ 1,200 per month
Janitorial $ 1,300 per month
Selling and Administrative
Variable selling and administrative cost per unit is $1.65. Fixed selling and administrative costs are as follows:
Advertising $16,000 a month
Insurance $ 1,300 a month
Salaries $77,000 a month
Depreciation $ 3,500 a month
Other fixed costs $ 3,200 a month
Other Information
The Cash balance on December 31, 2019, totaled $125,000, but management has decided it would like to maintain a cash balance of at least $800,000 beginning on January 31, 2020. Dividends are paid each month at the rate of $1.35 per share for 7,500 shares outstanding. The company has an open line of credit with Romney’s Bank. The terms of the agreement require the borrowing to be in $1,000 increments at 8% interest. Capstone, Inc. borrows on the first day of the month and repays on the last day of the month. A $500,000 equipment purchase is planned for February.
Instructions
For the first quarter of 2020, do the following.
- Prepare a sales budget.
- Prepare a production budget.
- Prepare a direct materials budget. (Round to nearest dollar)
- Prepare a direct labor budget. (For calculations, round to the nearest hour.)
- Prepare a manufacturing overhead budget. (Round amounts to the nearest dollar.)
- Prepare a selling and administrative budget.
- Prepare a schedule for expected cash collections from customers.
- Prepare a schedule for expected payments for materials purchases. (Round totals to nearest dollar)
- Prepare a
cash budget .

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