Capacitance, Charge and Voltage: Q = CV 1. Click the Reset Button on the bottom right of the PHET simulation. 2. CHECK Plate Charges and Bar Graphs baxes in the upper right so your display resembles the graph below. 3. SET the Plate Area to 200 mm² and the Separation to 4.0 mm. Capte Pae Charge Sred Enery Cha Graphe Deri Fed Cument Direction Voltage 4. Connect the voltmeter across the capacitor by placing the red on the top plate and black on bottom. If the voltmeter reads a negative, switch the red and black. 5. Set the battery Voltage to 0.25 V. Record the measured plate charge, Q. 6. Repeat Step 5 for each Voltage in Table 3. Table 3: Charge and Voltage Voltage (V) Plate Charge (pC) 0.25 V 0.50 V 0.75 V 1.00 V 1.25 V 1.50 V

A 12.0-V battery-operated bottle warmer heats 50.0 g of glass, 2.50102 g of baby formula, and 2.00102 g of aluminum from 20.0C to 90.0C . (a) How much charge is moved by the battery? (b) How many electrons per second flow if it takes 5.00 min to warm the formula? (Hint: Assume that the specific heat of baby formula is about the same as the specific heat of water.)

(Indicates a review question, which means it requires only a basic understanding of the material to answer. Questions without this designation typically require integrating or extending the concepts presented thus far.) . Make a sketch of an electric circuit that contains a switch and two lightbulbs connected in such a way that if either bulb burns out the other still functions, but if the switch is turned off, both bulbs go out.

(Indicates a review question, which means it requires only a basic understanding of the material to answer. Questions without this designation typically require integrating or extending the concepts presented thus far.) . What is the purpose of having fuses or circuit breakers in electric circuits? How should they be connected in circuits so they will be effective?

Describe one promising explanation for how thunderclouds become electrified, that is, acquire a charge separation that often leads to cloud-to-ground lightning strikes.

(Indicates a review question, which means it requires only a basic understanding of the material to answer. Questions without this designation typically require integrating or extending the concepts presented thus far.) . Six resistors, all having the same temperatures and compositions, are each attached to a battery with voltage V to form a simple circuit. The resistors have different lengths, l, but the same diameters. Rank the circuits according to the current that flows through the resistor from smallest to greatest. If two (or more) circuits have the same current flowing, give them the same ranking. Explain the rationale you used to establish your rankings. Circuit 1: l = 2 cm; V = 3 V Circuit 2: l = 2 cm; V = 6 V Circuit 3: l = 1 cm; V = 3 V Circuit 4: l = 1 cm; V = 6 V Circuit 5: l = 3cm; V = 2 V Circuit 6: l = 3cm; V = 6 V

A clock battery wears out after moving 10,000 C of charge through the clock at a rate of 0.500 mA. (a) How long did the clock run? (b) How many electrons per second flowed?

(a) What is the resistance often 275-O resistors connected in series? (b) In parallel?

Wliat is the relationship between voltage and energy? More precisely, what is the relationship between potential difference and electric potential energy?

A capacitor has a charge of 2.5C when connected to a 6.0-V battery. How much energy is stored in this capacitor?