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Calculate what happens to nominal GDP if velocity
remains constant at 4 and the money supply increases
from $250 billion to $375 billion
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- An increase in the nominal interest rate would O a. encourage people to hold smaller money balances. O b. encourage people to hold larger money balances. O c. force the Fed to reduce the money supply. d. cause the real interest rate to decline.Consider the model of supply and demand for central bank money. Assumethat there there are commercial banks. Suppose that people hold 20% of their moneyin currency and 80% of their money in deposits. The central bank sets the reserve-todeposit ratio at 10%. In the first period, the central bank increases the supply of moneyby $200, buying bonds through Open-Market Operations. Use this information to answerthe following questions:(a) For the second period (after the central bank has injected $200 in theeconomy), calculate: (i) the demand for currency, (ii) the amount of deposit held atthe commercial banks, (iii) the demand for reserves held at the central bank, and(iv) the demand for the high-powered money. How much is the additional moneysupply created at the end of the second period?2(b) How much is the additional money supply created at the end of the thirdperiod?(c) As time continues, additional money supply will be created. Calculatethe total increase in the money supply as a…In the country of Juventus, the money supply is equal to $52 (bilion), the velocity of circulation is 5, and real GDP is $100 (bilion) a. What is the price level in Juventus, and what is the valur of its nominal GDP? Round your price level to 2 decimal places Price level Nominal GDP b. If money supply increases by 20 percent, what will be the new values of the price level and nominal GDP, assuming that Vand real GDP remain constant? Round your price level to 2 decmal olaces Price levet Nominal GDP c What does this suggest about the connection between money supply atnd price level? The relationship between money supply and price level in this case is Cick to select)
- What quantity is measured along the horizontal axis? the price level O the quantity of money O the real interest rate On the graph, MS represents the money supply and MD represents money demand. The usual quantities are measured along the axes. O the value of money 1.125- 1 0.875 0.75 0.625 + 05 0375 + 025 0.125- MS 5,000 MD₂ MD₁LEAS Od A-D-B SRAS, SEAS MAS Red GDP Refer to Exhibit 14-1. What sequence of points shows the short- and long-run consequences of a rise in velocity under monetarist assumptions? Ⓒ&A-E-B Ob.B-A OCB-D-ASuppose two countries have identical aggregate demandcurves and potential levels of output, and g is the samein both countries. Assume that in 2019, both countriesare hit with the same negative supply shock. Given thetable of values below for inflation in each country, whatcan you say, if anything, about the credibility of eachcountry’s central bank? Explain your answer.Country A Country B2018 3.0% 3.0%2019 3.8% 5.5%2020 3.5% 5.0%2021 3.2% 4.3%2022 3.0% 3.8%
- Suppose the government increases expenditures while holding taxes the same. This will increase deficits or decrease surpluses Assume the increase in government expenditures, from above, occurs As a result of the increase in government expenditures, the O A money supply curve will shift right. OB. money demand curve will shift loft. C. money demand curve will shift right. D. The money supply curve will shift left.Which of the following statements is true?a. Keynesians advocate increasing the moneysupply during economic recessions butdecreasing the money supply during eco-nom1c expansions.b. Monetarists advocate increasing the money supply by a constant rate year afteryear.c. Keynesians argue that the crowding-out effect is rather insignificant.d. Monetarists argue that the crowding-out effect is rather large.e. All of the answers are correct.In a classical economy, where wages and prices are perfectly flexible, an increase in the money supply will:O.a. Increase consumptionO.b. Increase the price levelO.C. Reduce the interest rateO.d. Reduce the velocity of circulation
- In the country Constantania, suppose the velocity of money is always the same. Last year, the money supply was $2 billion and real GDP was $5 billion. This year, the money supply increased by 6 percent, real GDP by 4 percent, and nominal GDP is $6.5 billion. a) Calculate the velocity of money and the price levels in the two years, and then calculate the inflation rate. b) Calculate the inflation rate using the formula AM/M + AV/V = AP/P + AY/Y, where the Greek letter A represents a change and the ratio AM/Mx 100 is the percentage change (or the rate of change) in M. Compare this result with the result you obtained in part a. Why could there be some difference? c) What is the difference between commodity money and fiat money? Why do people accept fiat currency in trade for goods and services?5. Fiscal policy, the money market, and aggregate demand Suppose there is some hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the $0.50 they have left over. The following graph plots the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (AD)). Suppose now that the government increases its purchases by $2.5 billion. Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD) after the multiplier effect takes place. Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (AD) is parallel to AD. You can see the slope of AD, by selecting it on the following graph. ? PRICE LEVEL 116 114 112 110 108 106 104 102 100 100 AD₁ 102 106 108 110 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) 104 112 114 116 AD₂ AD₂A common cause of falling inflation is O Weaker growth in demand than in supply for large parts of the economy O High fees and taxes O Strong wage development O Low interest rates and rising investment
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