Answered: Calculate the sum of coefficients for…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

Calculate the sum of coefficients for the following equation balanced for acidic conditions.

XO₂^- + QH₈O → QH₂O₂ + X₂^-

Expert Solution

Step 1

GIVEN REACTION

XO₂^- + QH₈O → QH₂O₂ + X₂^-

The oxidation state of Q changes from -6 (QH₈O) to +2 (QH₂O₂). Since there is an increase in the oxidation state, Q undergoes Oxidation.

Oxidation state of X decreases from +5 (XO₃^-2) to -1 (X₂^-1). Since there is a decrease in the oxidation state of X, X undergoes Reduction.

Step 2

Reduction-half reaction

$Step - 1 : Balance X atoms 2 {XO}_{3}^{-} \to {X_{2}}^{- 1} Step - 2 : For balancing O, add same number of H_{2} O molecules 2 {XO}_{3}^{-} \to {X_{2}}^{- 1} + 6 H_{2} O Step - 3 : For balancing H atom, add same number of H^{+} ions at deficient side 2 {XO}_{3}^{-} + 12 H^{+} \to {X_{2}}^{- 1} + 6 H_{2} O Step - 4 : To balance Charge, add same number of electrons on deficient side 2 {XO}_{3}^{-} + 12 H^{+} + 11 e^{-} \to {X_{2}}^{- 1} + 6 H_{2} O Step - 5 : Multiply the above equation by 8 16 {X O_{3}}^{-} + 96 H^{+} + 88 e^{-} \to 8 {X_{2}}^{- 1} + 48 H_{2} O$

Step 3

OXIDATION-HALF REACTION

$Step - 1 : Balance X atoms {QH}_{8} O \to {QH}_{2} O_{2} Step - 2 : For balancing O, add same number of H_{2} O molecules {QH}_{8} O + H_{2} O \to {QH}_{2} O_{2} Step - 3 : For balancing H atom, add same number of H^{+} ions at deficient side {QH}_{8} O + H_{2} O \to {QH}_{2} O_{2} + 8 H^{+} Step - 4 : To balance Charge, add same number of electrons on deficient side {QH}_{8} O + H_{2} O \to {QH}_{2} O_{2} + 8 H^{+} + 8 e^{-} Step - 5 : Multiply the above equation by 11 11 {QH}_{8} O + 11 H_{2} O \to 11 {QH}_{2} O_{2} + 88 H^{+} + 88 e^{-}$

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