Calculate the gravitational redshift of radiation of wavelength 550 nm (the middle of the visible range) that is emitted from a neutron star having a mass of 5.8 × 1030 kg and a radius of 10 km. Assume that the radiation is being detected far from the neutron star.
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- The very massive Higgs particle (mass 125 GeV/c2) is created when two protons traveling at equally high speeds but in opposite directions collide head‑on. The mass of a proton is 938.27 MeV/c2. In order to make a Higgs particle when they collide, each proton must have a minimum kinetic energy of 62.5 GeV. What is the minimum total energy E(min) of each proton? E(min) = ? eV In terms of the speed c of light, what speed v is each proton traveling? Calculate your answer to five significant figures. v = ? cElectron-positron pair production may play a role in a pulsar's beamed radiation mechanism. Find the minimum energy required for the process y → e+e+. What wavelength and what kind of EM radiation are these photons?Astronomers on a planet orbiting 1.500 AU from a star measure the irradiance at the top of their atmosphere as 1700 W/m?. Assume that the irradiance includes all types of radiation produced by the star and that it is emitted isotropically (same in all directions) by the star so that the inverse square law of irradiance can be applied. The current mass of the star is know to be twice the mass of our Sun and that 0.100% of its current mass will be available for hydrogen fusion to helium in the core of the star. What is the current rate of mass conversion in kg/s occurring in the core of the star? Given: 1 AU = 1.495978707 x 10"1 meters, M = 1.989 x 103° kg, c= 2.9979 x 10° m/s aun If the star continues to "burn" mass at this same rate, how long will it be in Earth years until the star runs out of hydrogen fuel in it's core?
- An electron-positron collider runs with symmetric beam energies of E(e^+) = E(e^−) = 102 GeV.At each orbit ∆E = 2.2 GeV has to be replaced for each beam particle by the accelerating units.The accelerator has 24 units available; each unit can replace an energy of ∆E = 100 MeV perorbit. a). The researchers want to create the Standard-Model Higgs boson but don’t know its massyet. Argue why the production rate via the direct process e +e− → H is negligible and name the process which can be used instead. Draw a Feynman diagram of this process. State the mechanism responsible for the energy loss and state how the energy loss per orbit scales with the beam energy. b). Name two possible final states of this process and how they can be detected in a modernparticle detector, which consists of a tracker, an EM calorimeter, a hadronic calorimeterand a muon system in radial direction. Calculate the maximum mass of the Higgs Boson, which the experiment can create c). When no Higgs is found in the…A 5 micron droplet of water is being carried in standard air toward a 500 micron drop of water at a relative velocity of 40 m/s. Will the two drops collide? How did you come to this conclusion?A proton synchrotron accelerates protons to a kinetic energy of 500 GeV. At this energy, calculate (a) the Lorentz factor, (b) the speed parameter, and (c) the magnetic field for which the proton orbit has a radius of curvature of 750 m.
- Assume a neutron star has a mass of about 1.2 times the mass of the Sun and a radius of 7 kilometers. If the escape speed is V2esc=2GM/R, work out the formula for the radius of the Event Horizon around a Black Hole of mass M.Suppose that you have found a way to convert the rest energy of any type of matter directly to usable energy with an efficiency of 73.0%. How many liters of water would be sufficient fuel to very slowly push the Moon 2.30 mm away from the Earth? The density of water is pwater = 1.00kg/liter, the Earth's 'mass is Mearth = 5.97 x 1024 kg, the Moon's mass is Mmoon = 7.36 × 1022 kg, and the separation of the Earth and Moon is dEM = 3.84 x 10° m. Liters water:Suppose that you have found a way to convert the rest energy of any type of matter directly to usable energy with an efficiency of 57.0%. How many liters of water would be sufficient fuel to very slowly push the Moon 1.50 mm away from the Earth? The density of water is Pwater = 1.00kg/liter, the Earth's mass is Mearth 5.97 x 1024 kg, the Moon's mass is М, = 7.36 x 1022 kg, and the separation of the Earth and Moon is de.M 3.84 x 10° m. moon water: Liters
- Suppose you were to try to create a proton-antiproton pair by annihilation of two very high-energy gamma rays of the same wavelength heading toward each other. The proton and the anti-proton have the same masses, but opposite charges. What would be the minimum energy needed for each photon? (e = 1.60 × 10-19 C, m proton = 1.67 × 10-27 kg, c = 3.00 × 108 m/s) 939 MeV O1.022 MeV O 12.2 MeV O 1880 MeVThe redshift parameter for a star is found to be 5.2. The spectrum of the star should have a wavelength of 620 nm. Using this data find the observed wavelength taking into account the relativistic doppler effect.Suppose that you have found a way to convert the rest energy of any type of matter directly to usable energy with an efficiency of 85.0%. How many liters of water would be sufficient fuel to very slowly push the Moon 2.90 mm away from the Earth? The density of water is pwater = 1.00kg/liter, the Earth's mass is Mearth = 5.97 x 1024 kg, the Moon's mass is Mmoon = 7.36 x 10²² kg, and the separation of the Earth and Moon is deM = 3.84 × 10% m. water: Liters