Calcium is vital for proper function of all cells, and is present in great quantities in muscle and nerve tissue, where it is necessary for the activation of contraction in muscle cells, and the generation of action potentials in neurons. The body regulates calcium very precisely. Predict how the body reacts to low blood calcium levels:

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Q: Hypernatremia accompanied by an elevated hematocrit valueindicates what fact about body fluids?

A: Hypernatremia is a condition in which there is increased sodium level above 145 meq/L

Q: If adequate nutrition and hydration are not maintained,what potential complications may ensue?

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Q: Describe the factors that influence blood pressure and itsmeasurement.

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Q: Define about β Thalassemia ?

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Q: Describe the antigens of the ABO and Rh systems, and their impact on blood transfusions.

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Q: Define hypertension. Describe its manifestations and consequences.

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Q: Define hyperkalemia

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Nutrition and diet

We are involved in several daily activities. These actions need a significant quantity of energy. The food we eat provides this energy. Food is necessary for development, repair, and other living activities since it supplies energy. All of these are part of the living practice known as nutrition. Nutrition is the study of nutrients in food, how the body uses them, and the relationship between diet, health, and disease. Nutritionists employ concepts from molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics to understand how nutrients affect the human body. Nutrition also looks at how people can use their diet to reduce their risk of disease, as well as what happens when they ingest too much or too little of a nutrient and how allergies emerge.