Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Chemistry
C. Which substituent has higher priority? CEN CH3

C. Which substituent has higher priority? CEN CH3

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question
**Question:** C. Which substituent has higher priority? **Options:** 1. **Option 1:** - Structure: A triple-bonded nitrogen (–C≡N, a nitrile group) is shown attached to a squiggly line, indicating a connection to another part of the molecule. 2. **Option 2:** - Structure: A carbonyl group (C=O) with a methyl group (CH₃) attached to the carbonyl carbon. This is an acetyl group, also attached to a squiggly line. **Explanation:** In this question, you're asked to determine which substituent has a higher priority according to IUPAC nomenclature rules. - The nitrile group (–C≡N) and the acetyl group (–COCH₃) are compared. - Priority is often determined by the atomic number, the type of bond, and functional group precedence in organic chemistry.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:** C. Which substituent has higher priority? **Options:** 1. **Option 1:** - Structure: A triple-bonded nitrogen (–C≡N, a nitrile group) is shown attached to a squiggly line, indicating a connection to another part of the molecule. 2. **Option 2:** - Structure: A carbonyl group (C=O) with a methyl group (CH₃) attached to the carbonyl carbon. This is an acetyl group, also attached to a squiggly line. **Explanation:** In this question, you're asked to determine which substituent has a higher priority according to IUPAC nomenclature rules. - The nitrile group (–C≡N) and the acetyl group (–COCH₃) are compared. - Priority is often determined by the atomic number, the type of bond, and functional group precedence in organic chemistry.
**Title: Prioritizing Substituents Using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System** For each pair of substituents below, select the higher priority substituent according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) system. --- ### A. Which substituent has higher priority? - **Option 1:** - Structure: A branched hydrocarbon chain with a methyl group (CH₃) attached to a carbon (C) which is connected to another methyl group (CH₃) and a hydrogen (H). - **Option 2:** - Structure: A carbon atom (C) double-bonded to another carbon (C) which is single-bonded to two hydrogens (H). ### B. Which substituent has higher priority? - **Option 1:** - Structure: A carbon chain with chlorine (Cl) attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to another carbon bearing two hydrogen atoms (H₂) and a methyl group (CH₃). - **Option 2:** - Structure: A carbon chain with a bromine (Br) attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to a CH₂ group, which is connected to another carbon bearing two hydrogen atoms (H₂). ### C. Which substituent has higher priority? - **Option 1:** - Structure: A carbon atom (C) triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom (N). - **Option 2:** - Structure: A methyl group (CH₃). --- **Explanation:** In these examples, you must apply the CIP priority rules which consider atomic number, isotopic mass, multiple bonds, and the path of connected substituents. Generally, atoms with higher atomic numbers are given higher priority. For multiple bonds, the equivalent number of singly-bonded atoms is considered. These concepts are crucial for determining stereochemistry in organic molecules, particularly when dealing with chiral centers or double bonds in geometric isomers.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Prioritizing Substituents Using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System** For each pair of substituents below, select the higher priority substituent according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) system. --- ### A. Which substituent has higher priority? - **Option 1:** - Structure: A branched hydrocarbon chain with a methyl group (CH₃) attached to a carbon (C) which is connected to another methyl group (CH₃) and a hydrogen (H). - **Option 2:** - Structure: A carbon atom (C) double-bonded to another carbon (C) which is single-bonded to two hydrogens (H). ### B. Which substituent has higher priority? - **Option 1:** - Structure: A carbon chain with chlorine (Cl) attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to another carbon bearing two hydrogen atoms (H₂) and a methyl group (CH₃). - **Option 2:** - Structure: A carbon chain with a bromine (Br) attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to a CH₂ group, which is connected to another carbon bearing two hydrogen atoms (H₂). ### C. Which substituent has higher priority? - **Option 1:** - Structure: A carbon atom (C) triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom (N). - **Option 2:** - Structure: A methyl group (CH₃). --- **Explanation:** In these examples, you must apply the CIP priority rules which consider atomic number, isotopic mass, multiple bonds, and the path of connected substituents. Generally, atoms with higher atomic numbers are given higher priority. For multiple bonds, the equivalent number of singly-bonded atoms is considered. These concepts are crucial for determining stereochemistry in organic molecules, particularly when dealing with chiral centers or double bonds in geometric isomers.
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps with 2 images

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS