c) Predict the products that are formed when the alkene below undergoes a syn dihydroxylation reaction by treating it with potassium permanganate and provide a mechanism for this reaction. Use the solid/dash wedge convention to show three dimensions. Ensure that you explain the stereochemical outcome observed. 1) KMnO4 2) NaOH low temperature [10 marks]
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- When treated with NaOH, the bromide below gives an alkene by the E2 mechanism, by elimination of the H atom indicated by the arrow: (a) Draw the Newman projection from which elimination takes place. (b) Draw the mechanism. (c) Draw the product with the proper stereochemistry. (d) Assign the proper stereochemical descriptor to the product. (e) Give the rate equationAlcohols are important for organic synthesis, especially in situations involving alkenes. The alcohol might be the desired product, or the OH group might be transformed into another functional group via halogenation, oxidation, or perhaps conversion to a sulfonic ester derivative. Formation of an alcohol from an alkene is particularly powerful because conditions can be chosen to produce either the Markovnikov or non-Markovnikov product from an unsymmetrical alkene. Using your reaction roadmap as a guide, show how to convert 4-methyl-1-pentene into 5-methylhexanenitrile. You must use 4-methyl-1-pentene and sodium cyanide as the source of all carbon atoms in the target molecule. Show all reagents needed and all molecules synthesized along the way.A problem often encountered in the oxidation of primary alcohols to acids is that esters are sometimes produced as by-products. For example, oxidation of ethanol yields acetic acid and ethyl acetate: Propose a mechanism to account for the formation of ethyl acetate. Take into account the reversible reaction between aldehydes and alcohols:
- Para-substituted product was produced when phenol reacts with cyclohexanecarbonyl bromide in the presence of AIB13. -Br Cyclohexanecarbonyl bromide (i) Outline the mechanism for this reaction. (ii) Draw the alternative substituted product formed.A certain hydrocarbon had the molecular formula C16H26 and contained two triple bonds. Ozonolysis gave CH3(CH2), CO₂H and HO₂CCH2CH2CH2CH2CO₂H as the only products. Draw a reasonable structure for this hydrocarbon. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. D:Under acid-catalyzed conditions, epoxides can be opened by a variety of nucleophiles other than water, such as alcohols. In such a case, the nucleophile will generally attack at the more substituted position. Using this information, predict the products for each of the following reactions (a-b): ? 1) RCO-H 2) [H₂SOJ Modify the given structure to draw the major product(s). Use the single bond tool to interconvert between double and single bonds. If a racemic mixture of enantiomers is expected, draw both enantiomers. Note: you can select a structure and use Copy and Paste to save drawing time. CH₂ Edit Drawing A
- Bromine reacts with alkenes in methanol according to the equation: - When this reaction was carried out with 4-tert-butylcyclohexene, only one isomer was formed with the molecular formula C12H23BrO (80% yield). Which of the following is the structure more reasonable for this compound?. Explain your reasoning through acorresponding mechanism.Draw an approximate reaction-energy diagram showing the curves for the two possible pathways for ionic addition of HBr to 1-methylcyclohexene. (a) Formation of the major product, 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane, and (b) formation of the minor product, 1-bromo-2-methylcyclohexane. Point out how these curves show that 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane should be formed fasterPlease give the main substitution product for each of the following reactions, and indicate the dominant mechanism: (a) 1-bromopropane + NaOCH3 → (b) 3-bromo-3-methylpentane + NaOC2H5 →
- Q3. 2-Bromopentane, when treated with alcoholic KOH yields a mixture of three alkenes A, B and C. Identify A, B and C. Which is predominant? Q4 Which statement below about Sn1 reactions is incorrect? (A) SN1 reactions are stepwise and have intermediates. (B) The slow step in a SN1 reaction is formation of the carbocation intermediate. (C) SN1 reactions have first order kinetics which means only the alkyl halide is involved in the rate limiting step. (D) The products of a SN1 reaction will be a pair of enantiomers. (E) An aprotic solvent is best for Sn1 reactions as they tend to help stabilize carbocation intermediates.Compounds X and Y are both C7H15Cl products formed in the radical chlorination of 2,4-dimethylpentane. Base-promoted E2 elimination of X and Y gives, in each case, a single C7H₁4 alkene. Both X and Y undergo an SN2 reaction with sodium iodide in acetone solution to give C7H15l products; in this reaction Y reacts faster than X. What is the structure of X? • Do not use stereobonds in your answer. • In cases where there is more than one possible structure for each molecule, just give one for each. . Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. Separate structures with + signs from the drop-down menu. наHydroboration of the following bicycloalkene followed by oxidation in alkaline hydroperoxide is both stereoselective and regioselective. The product is a single alcohol in better than 95% yield.Propose a structural formula for this alcohol and account for the stereo- and regio- selectivity of its formation. Hint: Examine a molecular model of this alkene and see if you can determine which face of the double bond is more accessible to hydroboration.