By means of physiological adaptations that are still not very well understood, sperm whales are thought to be able to hunt for their food at depths of between 380 m and 2500 m . Part A) What range of gauge pressures (in Pa) do the whales withstand at these depths? Express your answers using two significant figures separated by a comma. Part B) What range of gauge pressures (in atm) do the whales withstand at these depths? Express your answers using two significant figures separated by a comma. Part C) Estimate the total inward force of water pressure on the surface of a sperm whale at a depth of 2500 m , modeling the whale as a cylinder 16 m long and 4 m in diameter. Express your answer to one significant figure and include the appropriate units.
Viscosity
The measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow is known as viscosity. Most fluids have some resistance to motion, the resistance provided by the fluid is called viscosity. This resistance is created by the force of attraction between the fluid molecules. If you pour water through a funnel, it flows easily and quickly, because it has very little resistance. But if you pour honey through a funnel, it may take a little time longer, as the density of honey is high.
Poiseuille's Law
The law of Poiseuille or Poiseuille's equation states that the pressure drop of an incompressible fluid especially a liquid in a laminar flow that passes through a cylindrical tube of length L, radius r, pressure gradient ΔP, and mainly depends on the viscosity of the fluid is nothing but the pressure difference of the layers of fluids. ΔP=P1-P2
Drag Forces
Forces that occur due to the movement of fluid are known as fluid mechanics. Following are the fluids present:
By means of physiological adaptations that are still not very well understood, sperm whales are thought to be able to hunt for their food at depths of between 380 m and 2500 m .
Part A) What range of gauge pressures (in Pa) do the whales withstand at these depths? Express your answers using two significant figures separated by a comma.
Part B) What range of gauge pressures (in atm) do the whales withstand at these depths? Express your answers using two significant figures separated by a comma.
Part C) Estimate the total inward force of water pressure on the surface of a sperm whale at a depth of 2500 m , modeling the whale as a cylinder 16 m long and 4 m in diameter. Express your answer to one significant figure and include the appropriate units.
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