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Briefly explain based on the IR spectra how well the reaction worked.

Briefly explain based on the IR spectra how well the reaction worked.

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
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Briefly explain based on the IR spectra how well the reaction worked.

### Infrared Spectroscopy Graph Explanation The graph presented is an infrared (IR) spectroscopy spectrum, displaying the % Transmittance on the vertical axis and Wavenumbers (cm⁻¹) on the horizontal axis, ranging from 4000 to 400 cm⁻¹. This spectrum is typically used to identify functional groups in organic compounds based on the characteristic absorption of infrared light at various frequencies. #### Key Peaks and Their Significance: 1. **3499.39 cm⁻¹**: This peak may indicate the presence of O-H or N-H stretching, commonly associated with alcohols or amines. 2. **3066.39 cm⁻¹**: Often associated with C-H stretching in aromatic compounds. 3. **2956.18 cm⁻¹** and **2878.84 cm⁻¹**: These peaks are typically indicative of C-H stretching in alkanes. 4. **1736.61 cm⁻¹**: This sharp peak is characteristic of C=O stretching found in carbonyl groups such as ketones, aldehydes, or carboxylic acids. 5. **1658.23 cm⁻¹**: Associated with C=C stretching, often found in alkenes. 6. **1457.34 cm⁻¹**, **1383.33 cm⁻¹**, and **1362.83 cm⁻¹**: These peaks can suggest C-H bending vibrations. 7. **1242.49 cm⁻¹**: May correspond to C-O stretching, indicative of esters or ethers. 8. **1109.89 cm⁻¹**, **1178.66 cm⁻¹**, and **1054.86 cm⁻¹**: These peaks often relate to C-N stretching or further C-O stretching vibrations. 9. **876.67 cm⁻¹** and **838.43 cm⁻¹**: These peaks can indicate out-of-plane bending, particularly in aromatic compounds. 10. **634.29 cm⁻¹** and **403.84 cm⁻¹**: Lower wavenumber peaks like these often indicate bending vibrations and can be characteristic of specific functional groups or structural features. This spectrum is an essential tool for chemists to determine and confirm the molecular structure and functional groups present in a compound. By comparing the observed peaks with known absorption frequencies, researchers can deduce the chemical makeup of the
Transcribed Image Text:### Infrared Spectroscopy Graph Explanation The graph presented is an infrared (IR) spectroscopy spectrum, displaying the % Transmittance on the vertical axis and Wavenumbers (cm⁻¹) on the horizontal axis, ranging from 4000 to 400 cm⁻¹. This spectrum is typically used to identify functional groups in organic compounds based on the characteristic absorption of infrared light at various frequencies. #### Key Peaks and Their Significance: 1. **3499.39 cm⁻¹**: This peak may indicate the presence of O-H or N-H stretching, commonly associated with alcohols or amines. 2. **3066.39 cm⁻¹**: Often associated with C-H stretching in aromatic compounds. 3. **2956.18 cm⁻¹** and **2878.84 cm⁻¹**: These peaks are typically indicative of C-H stretching in alkanes. 4. **1736.61 cm⁻¹**: This sharp peak is characteristic of C=O stretching found in carbonyl groups such as ketones, aldehydes, or carboxylic acids. 5. **1658.23 cm⁻¹**: Associated with C=C stretching, often found in alkenes. 6. **1457.34 cm⁻¹**, **1383.33 cm⁻¹**, and **1362.83 cm⁻¹**: These peaks can suggest C-H bending vibrations. 7. **1242.49 cm⁻¹**: May correspond to C-O stretching, indicative of esters or ethers. 8. **1109.89 cm⁻¹**, **1178.66 cm⁻¹**, and **1054.86 cm⁻¹**: These peaks often relate to C-N stretching or further C-O stretching vibrations. 9. **876.67 cm⁻¹** and **838.43 cm⁻¹**: These peaks can indicate out-of-plane bending, particularly in aromatic compounds. 10. **634.29 cm⁻¹** and **403.84 cm⁻¹**: Lower wavenumber peaks like these often indicate bending vibrations and can be characteristic of specific functional groups or structural features. This spectrum is an essential tool for chemists to determine and confirm the molecular structure and functional groups present in a compound. By comparing the observed peaks with known absorption frequencies, researchers can deduce the chemical makeup of the
**Addition of Acetic Acid to Camphene** This diagram illustrates the chemical reaction where acetic acid is added to camphene. - The reaction begins with the camphene molecule on the left. Camphene is a bicyclic monoterpene with two methyl groups (CH₃) and a methylene group (CH₂) on the cyclohexene ring. - Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is added in the presence of Amberlyst 15 resin and heat, facilitating the reaction. - The expected product, camphene acetate, is shown in the middle but is noted as "expected but not formed." - The actual major product of the reaction is isobornyl acetate, depicted on the right. It has a rearranged carbon skeleton compared to camphene, indicating a structural change during the reaction process. This reaction showcases the conversion of camphene into more stable forms through acid-catalyzed rearrangement, with isobornyl acetate being the predominant outcome.
Transcribed Image Text:**Addition of Acetic Acid to Camphene** This diagram illustrates the chemical reaction where acetic acid is added to camphene. - The reaction begins with the camphene molecule on the left. Camphene is a bicyclic monoterpene with two methyl groups (CH₃) and a methylene group (CH₂) on the cyclohexene ring. - Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is added in the presence of Amberlyst 15 resin and heat, facilitating the reaction. - The expected product, camphene acetate, is shown in the middle but is noted as "expected but not formed." - The actual major product of the reaction is isobornyl acetate, depicted on the right. It has a rearranged carbon skeleton compared to camphene, indicating a structural change during the reaction process. This reaction showcases the conversion of camphene into more stable forms through acid-catalyzed rearrangement, with isobornyl acetate being the predominant outcome.
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