Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Fill in these incomplete reactions.

Transcribed Image Text:**Transcription and Explanation of Reaction Diagram**
In the provided reaction diagram, two separate reaction schemes are depicted, illustrating different organic synthesis processes.
### Reaction 1:
- **Reagents**:
- Starting compound: A bromide compound with a tertiary carbon center.
- Reactants: Sodium hydride (NaH) and a thiol (SH group).
- **Process**: The reaction involves the use of NaH as a base to deprotonate the thiol (SH group), forming a nucleophilic thiolate anion that can displace the bromide in a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
- **Outcome**: The product formed is not shown, but the reaction suggests an S_N2 mechanism given the nucleophilic attack on a tertiary electrophile structure, likely forming a thioether.
### Reaction 2:
- **Reagents**:
- Starting compound: An allylic tosylate derivative.
- Solvent system: Ethanol (EtOH) and water (H₂O).
- **Process**: The reaction proceeds via solvolysis in the ethanol/water mixture. The allylic tosylate undergoes a substitution, possibly an S_N1 or S_N2 process, depending on the conditions and stability offered by the allylic structure.
- **Outcome**: The specific product is not indicated, but it likely involves substitution with a nucleophile from the solvent or water.
Both reactions are typical of organic chemistry procedures involving the transformation of functional groups through nucleophilic substitution mechanisms. Diagrams within the schematics indicate spaces for resultant products, which would typically contain the transformed functional groups post-reactive conditions.
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