Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Assign R or S to the chiral centers indicated. If the center is a chiral, write N for neither on the line.
Transcribed Image Text:### Organic Chemistry: Structural Isomers
On this educational page, we discuss examples of structural isomers featuring bromine (Br) compounds and organophosphates.
#### Example 1: Brominated Cyclohexane Derivative
The first structure features a substituted cyclohexane. Two bromine (Br) atoms are attached to this six-membered carbon ring, oriented in a way that suggests possible different positions, showing isomeric forms. A hydroxyl group (OH) is also present, indicating additional chemical reactivity and differing physical properties among isomers.
#### Example 2: Brominated Aromatic Compound
The second structure involves an aromatic ring (benzene ring) with substituents. Attached to the ring is a bromine atom (Br), a methyl group (CH₃), and a hydrogen atom (H). The structure highlights the spatial arrangement of these substituents, which introduces different isomeric possibilities due to the positioning of the bromine relative to the methyl group.
#### Example 3: Organophosphate Ester
The third structure showcases an organophosphate compound. This includes a cyclic structure with an oxygen (O) and a phosphorus (P) atom. Attached to the phosphorus is an ethyl ester group (OCH₂CH₃). The phosphor-oxygen double bond (P=O) and the cyclic organic framework are critical in determining the chemical properties and reactivity of this organophosphate compound.
Each of these examples illustrates the diverse structural possibilities and the resulting chemical behaviors for compounds containing halogens and other functional groups, highlighting the importance of structural isomerism in organic chemistry.
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