Both citric acid (C6H8O7) and calcium citrate (Cas(C6H5O7)2) are widely used in beverages, foods, cosmetics, cleaning agents, and pharmaceuticals. Although citrate occurs naturally in fruits and vegetables, the majority of worldwide production (millions of tons annually) is performed by fermentation of sugar-containing feedstocks by aspergillus niger. In a particular fermentation process, 3250 kg of molasses is fed to a 10,000 L fermenter together with trace nutrients, water, fungal inoculum, and continuous aeration. The composition of the molasses is Component Percent by Weight Water 20.01 Carbohydrates 72.73 Other organics 2.47 Ash 4.79 Of the total carbohydrate, 80.4 % are fermentable sugars. The fermentation is allowed to proceed until the citric acid concentration in the fermentation broth reaches 46.0 g/L at which time the fermentation broth is drained and filtered to remove the fungal mycelia containing a negligible amount of liquid. A carbohydrate analysis of the remaining fermentation broth indicates a total carbohydrate content of 107.2 g/L. The filtrate is then treated with Ca(OH)2 to precipitate the citric acid as tricalcium dicitrate tetrahydrate (Cag (C6H5O7)2-4 H2O); Ca(OH)2 is added in 10.0 % excess over the stoichiometric amount required. The resulting precipitate is filtered and washed and treated with H2SO4 to yield gypsum (CaSO4+2H2O) and citric acid slurry. The slurry is filtered to yield crystalline gypsum and a citric acid solution; the latter is subject to evaporation under vacuum until the citric acid is crystallized as (C,H₂O7. H₂O). Citric Acid and Gypsum Produced Calculate the mass of citric acid monohydrate and the mass of gypsum produced. Citric Acid Monohydrate: i kg Gypsum: kg SUPPORT Citric Acid and Gypsum Produced Calculate the mass of citric acid monohydrate and the mass of gypsum produced. Citric Acid Monohydrate: kg Gypsum: i kg eTextbook and Media Hint Save for Later Yield Attempts: 0 of 3 used Submit Answer Calculate the yield defined as mass of citric acid (not the monohydrate crystal) per mass of sugar fermented (in percent). i Hint %
Both citric acid (C6H8O7) and calcium citrate (Cas(C6H5O7)2) are widely used in beverages, foods, cosmetics, cleaning agents, and pharmaceuticals. Although citrate occurs naturally in fruits and vegetables, the majority of worldwide production (millions of tons annually) is performed by fermentation of sugar-containing feedstocks by aspergillus niger. In a particular fermentation process, 3250 kg of molasses is fed to a 10,000 L fermenter together with trace nutrients, water, fungal inoculum, and continuous aeration. The composition of the molasses is Component Percent by Weight Water 20.01 Carbohydrates 72.73 Other organics 2.47 Ash 4.79 Of the total carbohydrate, 80.4 % are fermentable sugars. The fermentation is allowed to proceed until the citric acid concentration in the fermentation broth reaches 46.0 g/L at which time the fermentation broth is drained and filtered to remove the fungal mycelia containing a negligible amount of liquid. A carbohydrate analysis of the remaining fermentation broth indicates a total carbohydrate content of 107.2 g/L. The filtrate is then treated with Ca(OH)2 to precipitate the citric acid as tricalcium dicitrate tetrahydrate (Cag (C6H5O7)2-4 H2O); Ca(OH)2 is added in 10.0 % excess over the stoichiometric amount required. The resulting precipitate is filtered and washed and treated with H2SO4 to yield gypsum (CaSO4+2H2O) and citric acid slurry. The slurry is filtered to yield crystalline gypsum and a citric acid solution; the latter is subject to evaporation under vacuum until the citric acid is crystallized as (C,H₂O7. H₂O). Citric Acid and Gypsum Produced Calculate the mass of citric acid monohydrate and the mass of gypsum produced. Citric Acid Monohydrate: i kg Gypsum: kg SUPPORT Citric Acid and Gypsum Produced Calculate the mass of citric acid monohydrate and the mass of gypsum produced. Citric Acid Monohydrate: kg Gypsum: i kg eTextbook and Media Hint Save for Later Yield Attempts: 0 of 3 used Submit Answer Calculate the yield defined as mass of citric acid (not the monohydrate crystal) per mass of sugar fermented (in percent). i Hint %
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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Transcribed Image Text:Both citric acid (C6H8O7) and calcium citrate (Cas(C6H5O7)2) are widely used in beverages, foods, cosmetics,
cleaning agents, and pharmaceuticals. Although citrate occurs naturally in fruits and vegetables, the majority of
worldwide production (millions of tons annually) is performed by fermentation of sugar-containing feedstocks
by aspergillus niger.
In a particular fermentation process, 3250 kg of molasses is fed to a 10,000 L fermenter together with trace
nutrients, water, fungal inoculum, and continuous aeration. The composition of the molasses is
Component
Percent by Weight
Water
20.01
Carbohydrates
72.73
Other organics
2.47
Ash
4.79
Of the total carbohydrate, 80.4 % are fermentable sugars.
The fermentation is allowed to proceed until the citric acid concentration in the fermentation broth reaches
46.0 g/L at which time the fermentation broth is drained and filtered to remove the fungal mycelia containing a
negligible amount of liquid. A carbohydrate analysis of the remaining fermentation broth indicates a total
carbohydrate content of 107.2 g/L.
The filtrate is then treated with Ca(OH)2 to precipitate the citric acid as tricalcium dicitrate tetrahydrate (Cag
(C6H5O7)2-4 H2O); Ca(OH)2 is added in 10.0 % excess over the stoichiometric amount required. The resulting
precipitate is filtered and washed and treated with H2SO4 to yield gypsum (CaSO4+2H2O) and citric acid
slurry. The slurry is filtered to yield crystalline gypsum and a citric acid solution; the latter is subject to
evaporation under vacuum until the citric acid is crystallized as (C,H₂O7. H₂O).
Citric Acid and Gypsum Produced
Calculate the mass of citric acid monohydrate and the mass of gypsum produced.
Citric Acid Monohydrate:
i
kg
Gypsum:
kg
SUPPORT
Transcribed Image Text:Citric Acid and Gypsum Produced
Calculate the mass of citric acid monohydrate and the mass of gypsum produced.
Citric Acid Monohydrate:
kg
Gypsum:
i
kg
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Calculate the yield defined as mass of citric acid (not the monohydrate crystal) per mass of sugar
fermented (in percent).
i
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%
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