Question 4-41a) and b) Bond-Dissociation Enthalpies for Homolytic CleavagesEnthaleyTABLE 4-24-7 Enthalpy Changes in Chlorination167Bond-DissociationAB AEnthalpyk/molBondkcalimolX bonds and X-XbondsBond-DissociationBond436Enthalpy104Bonds to secondary cartons440kalmolkealimolD-D(CH) CH-H(CH) CH-F(CH) CH-CI(CH) CH-Br105154F-Fgent)3724041399CI-CI57463190Br Brolyti356451491-1(CH),CH-1epend3097436570(CH) CH-OH238H-F57136432399muchBonds to tertiary carbonsH-CI95103366(CH))C-Hw theusedH-Br8829840396(CH)C-FH-I71464497(CH)C-CIНо-н11935585cd toendo.382(CH)C-BrHS-H9130473367(CH)C-1HOO-H8823356ation(CH3),C-OH2134019651of theHO-OHOther C-H bonds450108H,N-HPHCH,-H (benzylic)HC=CHCH2-H (allylic)H,C=CH-H (vinyl)37690Methyl bonds-H43937289105CH3-11463481115CH;-FPh-H (aromatic)47211335084HC=C-H(acetylenic)558133CH-CI30272C-C bondsCH-BrD)24158CH3-CH337790CH-18938592CH;CH2-CH3372haveond-CH — ОН8835685CH;CH2-CH;CH336837189CH;-NH2(CH3),CH-CH387366Bonds to primary carbons101423(CH3),C-CH3111*C=C and C=X bondsCH;CH-H464*72817485H2C=CH2CH,CH-F35517673672H,C=NHCH,CH2 CI179303749tionH2C=057CH;CH2-Br238ondnd a94CH,CH-I393101CH,CH-OH423111*CH3CH,CH-H464*85CH;CH,CH-F35572CH;CH,CH-CI30357CH;CH;CH,-Br238CH,CH,CH-Iapproximate In the presence of a small amount of bromine, the following light-promoted reaction has been observed.Label each hydrogen atom in the following compounds as primary (1°), secondary (2), or tertiary (3(b) (CH), ССH,CH,198The Study of Chemical ReactionsCHAPTER 4(c) (CH,),CHCH(CH,)CHSH4-40H CH,(a) CH,CH,CH(CH)24-CH3(f)CH(e)(d)Use bond-dissociation enthalpies (Table 4-2, p. 167) to calculate values of AH° for the following reactione(a) CH3-CH3 + I(b) CH;CH, CI + HI(c) (CH;);C-OH + HCI(d) CH;CH, CH; + H2(e) CH; CH,OH +Use the information in Table 4-2 (p. 167) to rank the following radicals in decreasing order of stability.4-41CH; CH,I + HICH; CH,I + HCI(CH3);C-CI + H,OCH CH; + CHCH, CH,-Br + H,0HBr4-42(CH,),CH1-CH,•CH,CH,CH,CH,(CH,),C.CH,=CH-4-43For each alkane,1. draw all the possible monochlorinated derivatives.2. determine whether free-radical chlorination would be a good way to make.any of these monochlorinated deriva(Will the reaction give mostly one major product?)3. which monobrominated derivatives could you form in good yield by free-radical bromination?(a) cyclopentane(c) 2-methylpentaneWrite a mechanism for the light-initiated reaction of cyclohexane with chlorine to give chlorocyclohexane. Label teinitiation and propagation steps.(b) methylcyclopentane(d) 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane4-44ClhvCl,HCLcyclohexanechlorocyclohexane445Draw the important resonance forms of the following free radicalsin,(a) CH, CH-CH,(b)-CH,(c)CH,-C-O·(d)(e)(f)4-46H.CCHH3CCH3hvBr2H2CBrCH3

ΔH0 = (sum of bond dissociation enthalpies of product) - (sum of bond dissociation enthalpies of…

Bond Enthalpy Bonds to secondary carbons kamol 104 kcalimol (CHCH-H (CHCH-F (CH) CH-CI (CH CH-Br (CH) CH-1 (CH CH-O 105 54 413 40 37 463 57 90 356 45 49 570 309 74 36 238 57 136 432 Bonds to tertiary carbons 95 103 366 (CH,)C-H 88 403 96 298 (CHC-F 71 464 497 (CHC-CI 119 355 85 382 (CH C-Br 304 73 91 367 (CH,)C-I 233 56 88 (CH3)C-OH Other C-H bonds 213 401 96 51 450 108 PHCH,-H (benzylic) 376 372 H,C=CHCH,-H (allylic) НС- СН - Н (vinyl) 439 105 463 481 115 472 Ph-H (aromatic) 350 84 HC=C-H (acetylenic) 558 302 72 C-C bonds 377 241 58 CH,-CH3 372 385 92 CH;CH-CH3 368 356 85 CH;CH2-CH;CH, 371 (CH3),CH–CH3 366 (CH)C-CH;

Bond Enthalpy Bonds to secondary carbons kamol 104 kcalimol (CHCH-H (CHCH-F (CH) CH-CI (CH CH-Br (CH) CH-1 (CH CH-O 105 54 413 40 37 463 57 90 356 45 49 570 309 74 36 238 57 136 432 Bonds to tertiary carbons 95 103 366 (CH,)C-H 88 403 96 298 (CHC-F 71 464 497 (CHC-CI 119 355 85 382 (CH C-Br 304 73 91 367 (CH,)C-I 233 56 88 (CH3)C-OH Other C-H bonds 213 401 96 51 450 108 PHCH,-H (benzylic) 376 372 H,C=CHCH,-H (allylic) НС- СН - Н (vinyl) 439 105 463 481 115 472 Ph-H (aromatic) 350 84 HC=C-H (acetylenic) 558 302 72 C-C bonds 377 241 58 CH,-CH3 372 385 92 CH;CH-CH3 368 356 85 CH;CH2-CH;CH, 371 (CH3),CH–CH3 366 (CH)C-CH;

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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A bbhosted.cuny.edu/webapps/assessment/take/take.jsp?course_assessment_id=_1... R Paused E Apps G Gmail O YouTube O Maps Home Take Test: Test #1 * Question Completion Status: A MOving to the next question prevents cnanges to tnis answer. Question 4 of 20 > Question 4 4 points Save Answer What is the density of a solid sample that increased the volume of 25.2 mL of water to 34.9 mL when placed in the graduated cylinder and weighs 13.34 g? O A. 0.52 g/mL O B. 0.38 g/mL OC. 1.37 g/mL O D.0.73 g/mL A Moving to the next question prevents changes to this answer. Question 4 of 20 13,846 MAR étv S esc F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 @ %23 24 2 & Q W E R Y II
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