Blood Type A B AB Total Loops 66 (71.69) 99 (112.19) 35 (32.29) 101 (84.83) 301 Whorls 51 (47.16) 91 (73.80) 15 (21.24) 41 (55.80) 198 Arches 14 (12.15) 15 (19.01) 9 (5.47) 13 (14.37) 51 Total 131 205 59 155 550
Addition Rule of Probability
It simply refers to the likelihood of an event taking place whenever the occurrence of an event is uncertain. The probability of a single event can be calculated by dividing the number of successful trials of that event by the total number of trials.
Expected Value
When a large number of trials are performed for any random variable ‘X’, the predicted result is most likely the mean of all the outcomes for the random variable and it is known as expected value also known as expectation. The expected value, also known as the expectation, is denoted by: E(X).
Probability Distributions
Understanding probability is necessary to know the probability distributions. In statistics, probability is how the uncertainty of an event is measured. This event can be anything. The most common examples include tossing a coin, rolling a die, or choosing a card. Each of these events has multiple possibilities. Every such possibility is measured with the help of probability. To be more precise, the probability is used for calculating the occurrence of events that may or may not happen. Probability does not give sure results. Unless the probability of any event is 1, the different outcomes may or may not happen in real life, regardless of how less or how more their probability is.
Basic Probability
The simple definition of probability it is a chance of the occurrence of an event. It is defined in numerical form and the probability value is between 0 to 1. The probability value 0 indicates that there is no chance of that event occurring and the probability value 1 indicates that the event will occur. Sum of the probability value must be 1. The probability value is never a negative number. If it happens, then recheck the calculation.
Fingerprint analysis and blood grouping are features that do not change through the lifetime of an individual. Fingerprint features appear early in the development of a fetus, and blood types are determined by genetics. Therefore, each is considered an effective tool for identification of individuals. These characteristics are also of interest in the discipline of biological anthropology—a scientific discipline concerned with the biological and behavioral aspects of human beings.
(a) Is the test for an association in this case a chi-square test of independence, or a chi-square test of homogeneity? Justify your choice.
(b) Identify the conditions for the chi-square inference procedure selected in part (a), and indicate whether the conditions are met.
(c) The resulting chi-square test statistic from the appropriate test is approximately 18.930. What are the degrees of freedom and p-value of the test?
(d) Biological anthropology is concerned with the comparative study of human origin, evolution and diversity. Considering the sampling design in this study, to what population is it reasonable for the researchers to generalize their results?
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 1 images
