**Synthesize Your Knowledge** Butterflies have an X-Y sex determination system distinct from that of flies or humans. Female butterflies may have either XY or X0 chromosomes, while butterflies with two or more X chromosomes are males. The photograph shows a tiger swallowtail gynandromorph, which is half male (left side) and half female (right side). Given that the first division of the zygote divides the embryo into the future right and left halves of the butterfly, propose a hypothesis that explains how nondisjunction during the first mitosis might have produced this unusual-looking butterfly. For selected answers, see [Appendix A](#). **Image Description:** The image shows a butterfly with its left side displaying male characteristics and its right side showing female characteristics, illustrating gynandromorphism.

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