Question 1 Which of the following is not true regarding the circulatory system?AnswerThis system ensures that waste products are removed from all tissues of the body.This system is made up of the blood vessels, heart, and blood.The circulatory system has an important role in the exchange of gases in the lungs.During fetal development, the circulatory system develops from the lymphatic system.This system carries excess water and salts to the urinary system.1 points Question 2 Which of the following sources of scientific information is the most technical?Answergeneral interest news magazinesnewspapersnonfictional bookspeer-reviewed journalsscience magazines1 points Question 3 A farmer wants to improve crop yield in his fields by testing the effectiveness of a new pesticide available on the market. Which of the following is the best control for this experiment?Answera higher concentration of new pesticide used on the control field than the experimental fieldmore shade on the control field than the experimental fieldless new pesticide used on the control field than the experimental fieldmore water on the control field than the experimental fieldno new pesticide used on the control field; new pesticide used only on the experimental field1 points Question 4 Which of the following is considered to be important in protecting individuals from chemicals?AnswerType of chemicals they are exposed toThe potential levels of exposureThe toxicity of the chemicalsAll of the above1 points Question 5 Hormones are specific to particular tissues becauseAnswerthey will only interact with target cells at a synapse.they are released next to target tissues, so they cannot interact with other cells.target tissues display the appropriate receptor for a particular hormone.they can only be released following depolarization of the target cell.all of the above1 points Question 6 An advantage of the systems-based approach is the recognition that studies relevant to environmental change and infectious disease are embedded within a wider web of interactions.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 7 Common side effects associated with chemotherapy are due to:Answerfevers induced by the chemicals.death of cancer cells and their subsequent removal from the body.change in blood pH caused by the chemicals.death of normal cells caused by the chemicals.destruction of RNA in most normal cells.1 points Question 8 The Internet has been used as a rapid means to obtain information, including scientific ideas, but generally is less reliable tha print media becauseAnswerat present, the Internet is less regulated than broadcast and print media.anyone can post “scientific” information, regardless of whether the information is misleading or not true.individuals and/or groups maiy post information to promote their own personal interests rather than ideas that have been tested through the scientific process.All of the above are correct.skepticism.1 points Question 9 A mass of rapidly dividing cells that have potentially lost the ability to regulate cell division isAnswera neoplasmangiogenesisdysplasiahyperplasiakeratosis1 points Question 10 Most surveillance systems are passive and disease specific.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 11 The type of muscle responsible for involuntary contractions of the stomach is_____muscle.Answersmoothcardiacintercalatedstriatedskeletal1 points Question 12 Which of the following defines sub-chronic toxicity correctly?AnswerEffects of single dose/multiple dose exposures during a 24 hr period.Effects of multiple dose exposures during a 14 day period.Effects of multiple dose exposures during a 90 day period.Effects of multiple dose exposures during more than 90 days.1 points Question 13 Which of the following is not a symptom of asthma?Answertightness in the chestcoughing while exercisingwheezingchokingshortness of breath1 points Question 14 Which of the following is a true statement?AnswerMolecules are considered to be the smallest unit capable of exhibiting all the characteristics of life.Cells arise spontaneously from nonliving chemical elements.All living things are made up of at least one cell.Cells are incapable of maintaining homeostasis because they are too small.Organisms composed of many cells are unicellular.1 points Question 15 In order for a hormone to cause a response, it must first bind to an appropriate receptor on its target cell.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 16 A student needs information from the National Institutes of Health, a government agency. Which of the following endings should he or she look for in the address?Answereducomgovnihorg1 points Question 17 Uptake of blood glucose by liver cells is stimulated byAnswerADHprolactinparathyroid hormoneglucagoninsulin1 points Question 18 Carbohydrates are characterized byAnswerbeing composed of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.releasing energy when their peptide bonds are broken.being indigestible by most organisms.possessing a carbon backbone that is hydrated.1 points Question 19 The process of breathing requires the coordinated efforts of theAnswerbonesrespiratory systemcirculatory systemmusclesall of the above1 points Question 20 H1N1 viruses no longer readily infect humans. They now exist mainly as porcine (swine) viruses.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 21 Which of the following would result in passive immunity?Answervaccinationpast occurrence of an infection or diseaseproduction of memory cellsmovement of antibodies across the placenta from mother to childstimulation of T cells and B cells by an antigen1 points Question 22 When a person exercises, sensory input from moving muscles and joints results in an increase in cardiac output, causing blood pressure to be maintained, despite an increase of blood flow to the muscles.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 23 Isotopes of an element have the same ________, but different ________.Answernumber of electron shells, numbers of protonsatomic number, atomic massesnumber of neutrons, numbers of protonsatomic mass, atomic numbersname, chemical symbols1 points Question 24 Which of the following is damaged by exposure to sunlight or tanning lamps?Answercollagen fibers in the dermissmall blood vesselselastin fibersmelanocytesall of the above1 points Question 25 In which of the following locations would one expect to find cartilage?Answerbetween the skin and the underlying musclebetween the vertebraein a tendonin the wall of a blood vesselin adipose tissue1 points Question 26 When a blood pressure is taken by a medical professional, the pressure in the main veins is recorded.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 27 Which of the following is true regarding chemotherapy?AnswerThis technique is used in the diagnosis of cancer.This procedure kills cancer cells and normal cells that divide rapidly.This is the selected technique in the treatment of cancer because there are no side effects.This is a procedure used to genetically engineer an individual so cancer will not develop.Most chemicals used in this procedure only affect one organ of the body.1 points Question 28 Which of the following is not true regarding receptor proteins?AnswerThey are used to receive and transmit information across the plasma membrane.All cells have the same receptor proteins.When a receptor protein binds to a molecule, a series of biochemical reactions occur that eventually cause changes to occur in the cell.The molecule that binds to a receptor protein does not enter the cell.Receptor proteins bind to a specific molecule or group of molecules.1 points Question 29 Which of the following occurs when a phosphate is removed from an ATP molecule?AnswerEnergy is added to the ATP molecule to form ATP4.Oxygen produced in the reaction causes the molecule to explode.Energy is released for cell work.Chemical reactions stop in a cell due to lack of an energy source.Fat is converted to protein.1 points Question 30 Once a genetic disorder in an adult is treated successfully through gene therapy, it is highly unlikely that the person’s children will inherit the gene(s) for the disease.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 31 Which of the following best explains why people get so many colds in their lifetime?AnswerThe immune system has a hard time identifying the viruses that cause the colds.The viruses that cause these colds constantly produce new antibodies, which cause the symptoms.These individuals do not produce enough white blood cells.The viruses that cause colds evolve rapidly, which results in a change in their antigenic structure.The B cells of these individuals destroy their T cells.1 points Question 32 Although the cells of a multicellular organism are specialized for certain functions, those cells must also be integrated and organized in order to work together to benefit the organism.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 33 Blood functions to maintain homeostasis in the human body through all but which of the following:Answermoving carbon dioxide away from cells following completion of aerobic metabolism.preventing excessive blood loss through clotting.transporting amino acids and other nutrients derived from digestion to all tissues in the bodytransporting neurotransmitters to neuromuscular junctions.regulation of pH of body fluids1 points Question 34 Which of the following is not true regarding the immune response?AnswerThe immune response uses chemical and phagocytic cells to destroy foreign cells.Once initiated, the immune response provides protection for the entire body.The key to immune response is the ability of the components involved to be able to distinguish between the body cells and foreign cells.The immune response involves the activities of proteins, cells, and the lymphatic system.The immune response involves the ability to “remember” exposures to pathogens in order to increase the rate of response upon subsequent infections by that pathogen.1 points Question 35 Which of the following white blood cells is most likely to be directly involved in the destruction of viral-infected cells and cancer cells?Answernatural killer cellseosinophilsneutrophilsB lymphocytesbasophils1 points Question 36 Diet, including what is and what is not consumed, is believed to play a major role in determining whether or not an individual develops cancer.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 37 When the amount of thyroxine in the body increases, the basal metabolic rate of the body also increases.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 38 A small amount of DNA was located at a crime scene. Which of the following techniques is most likely to be used to amplify the DNA so it can be identified more accurately?Answergenetic engineeringuse of DNA ligase to recombine the pieces of DNAgene therapyDNA sequencingpolymerase chain reaction1 points Question 39 Which of the following is not true regarding metabolism?AnswerMetabolism involves thousands of different chemical reactions occurring in a living organism.An anabolic reaction is one in which a large molecule is broken down into smaller molecules.Linear metabolic pathways occur when the product of one reaction is used as the substrate of the next reaction.Catabolic pathways result in the release of energy.Some metabolic pathways form a repetitive cycle.1 points Question 40 The process by which the blastocyst becomes buried within the endometrial lining of the uterus is:Answerfertilization.implantation.morphogenesis.differentiationembryonic development.1 points Question 41 Ventilation refers to the process by which:Answergases are exchanged between the cells and the lungs.gases are exchanged between the air and the blood.air moves into and out of the lungs.gases are exchanged between the blood and the cells.ATPs are produced.1 points Question 42 Which of the following is not a property of water?Answeris composed of polar moleculesis a liquid at room temperatureholds heat energyis a biological solvent for polar moleculesconsists of molecules attracted to each other by covalent bonds1 points Question 43 Cancers that metastasize and invade normal tissues to impede their functions are calledAnswerbenign tumorskeratosismalignant tumorsin situ cancernone of the above1 points Question 44 Each amino acid is composed of a central carbon that forms covalent bonds with four other atoms/molecules. These atoms/molecules include all but a(n):AnswerR group.A group.amino group.hydrogen atom.carboxyl group.1 points Question 45 Which of the following parts of the brain regulates heart activity?Answercerebrumcerebellumthalamusmidbrainmedulla oblongata1 points Question 46 One of the most common ways to get information out to a wide audience in the least amount of time regarding “hot” topics in science is by usingAnswerpeer reviewed journalsscience magazinesthe Discovery channel on televisiongeneral interest news magazines or newspapersbooks1 points Question 47 Why do some physicians advise patients with a bladder infection to drink a lot of cranberry juice?AnswerCranberry juice contains chemicals that kill viruses and bacteria.The increased volume of fluid in the bladder causes bacterial cells to burst as they absorb the excess fluid.Cranberry juice makes the urine more acidic, decreasing the rate at which microorganisms can grow and reproduce.Cranberry juice increases the efficiency of urine production by the kidneys.all of the above1 points Question 48 Which of the following disorders is described as follows: damage to motor nerves innervating skeletal muscle; skeletal muscles weaken; death usually results within 5 years of diagnosis?AnswerALS (amytrophic lateral sclerosis)pleurisycystic fibrosisemphysemabotulism1 points Question 49 When hyperplasia signals a loss of control of cell division, it always results in cancer.AnswerTrueFalse1 points Question 50 Lipids are important to biological systems becauseAnswerthey are solid at body temperature so they stabilize membranessome lipid types are potentially large sources of energy to perform cellular work.most help to buffer aqueous solutions in the body.all lipids are very soluble in water.