binds to calcum during digestion in the stomach and intestines and then is excreted in the body as waste. If too much oxalate appears in the urine and not enough liquid (due to not drinking enough water), then calcium oxalate crystals form, which are the kidney stone. Image of kidney stones: A 35 year old male was taken to the hospital with excruciating pain in the lower abdominal area. It was discovered that this patient drank no more than half a glass of water each day over the past week, while drinking at least three cups of black tea on the same days. Additionally, the patient regularly eats very large quantities of spinach. Upon further analysis, it was determined that the presence of Calcium Iodide and Sodium Oxalate may have led to the pain that the patient was experiencing. Determine whether or not kidney stones could be the probable cause of the lower abdominal pain for this patient by answering the following questions (Be sure to show all your work for all the parts in your written work). 1. Assume that Calcium Iodide and Sodium Oxalate are the starting substances (reactants) in the reaction: a. Write a balanced chemical equation describing the formation of kidney stones, using the information in the case study. b. State the names of the products that are produced from this reaction. c. Write complete ionic and net ionic reactions for the balanced equation in part (a). d. What type of reaction(s) is/are being represented by the chemical reaction you wrote in part (a)? e. The patient consumed 1.25 g of calcium iodide and 2.93 g of sodium oxalate in the past 3 days. Theoretically, what mass of solid product could be formed from these amounts of reactants? What is the limiting reactant? f. What is the percent yield if 0.478 g of the solid product was actually obtained? g. Based on your answers to parts (a) - (f), determine if the patient might be suffering from kidney stones. Section 2: Silver tarnish is the result of the oxide on the silver surface reacting with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in air. This leaves a black film of silver sulfide (Ag2S). Polishing the tarnished silver will restore the shine but at the expense of some of the silver metal. An alternative process is to allow f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 f10 f11 f12 pause break pri sc sysrq %24 & 8 Y 02