Benzodiazepines are thought to act through what system in the body : the serotonin system, the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex, the sympathetic nervous system, or the dopamine system?
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- Which of the following are not considered current treatments for Parkinson's Disease? Dopamine Agonists Stem Cell Treatment Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAOB) Inhibitors Levodopa (L-DOPA) O Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)Which of the following is true in regards to dopamine activity in the basal ganglia? (Select all that apply) Question 7 options: A) D1 receptors are coupled to the Gs subunit B) D2 receptors inhibit the indirect pathway C) D2 receptors are coupled to the Gi subunit D) D1 receptors activate the direct pathwayWhat are the effects of acetylcholine and norepinephrine as they relate to the functioning of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system? Why has extract of deadly nightshade been an effective remedy for digestive cramps for over 2000 years?
- Outline how an increase in dopamine release can lead to long-term genetic changes using the Dopamine receptor pathway (Starting with DA binding to _____receptor and ending with how it can lead to genetic alterations)John Hughes and Hans Kosterlitz identified the endorphin receptor in frogs, and concluded that animals have a "built in" opioid system. To make sure that endorphins are truly neurochemicals, which of the following question should we ask these gentlemen? Please select all that apply.a) Are endorphins released in response to presynaptic depolarization? b) Do endorphins interact with postsynaptic receptors? c) Are endorphins found in presynaptic cells? d) Are endorphins subject to reuptake?What is the action of oxycodone on the brain?
- In a cell line derived from normal rat thyroid, stimulation of the alpha1-adrenergic receptor increases both IP3 formation and release of arachidonic acid (AA). IP3 elevates cytosolic Ca, which mediates thyroxine efflux, whereas AA serves as a source of prostaglandin E2, which stimulates DNA synthesis. It is not clear how AA release is connected to the adrenergic receptor. AA could arise by cleavage from the DAG that accompanies IP3 production. Alternatively, AA could arise through an independent effect of the receptor on PLA2, which can directly release AA from intact phosphoglycerides. Consider the following experimental observations: a) Addition of noradrenaline to cell cultures stimulates production of both IP3 and AA. b) If the alpha1-adrenergic receptors are made unresponsive to noradrenaline by treatment with phorbol esters (which act through PKC to cause phosphorylation, and inactivation, of the receptor), addition of noradrenaline causes no increase in IP3 or AA. c) When…The pleasurable effect of opiates is because oplate molecules act like a substitute for. a) brain proteins b) hormones c) neurotransmittersValium and other benzodiazepines enhance function of which synaptic receptors?