Benzene reacts with nitric acid to produce nitrobenzene and water. Nitrobenzene formed may undergo further nitration to form dinitrobenzene. The percentage conversion of benzene is 90% and the acid used is 65% in excess over the theoretical requirement for the formation of nitrobenzene. If the molar ratio of nitrobenzene to dinitrobenzene in the product stream is 17:1. aCalculate the quantities of benzene and; Calculate the nitric acid required for the production of 1000 kg per hour of nitrobenzene.
1. Benzene reacts with nitric acid to produce nitrobenzene and water. Nitrobenzene formed may undergo further nitration to form dinitrobenzene. The percentage conversion of benzene is 90% and the acid used is 65% in excess over the theoretical requirement for the formation of nitrobenzene. If the molar ratio of nitrobenzene to dinitrobenzene in the product stream is 17:1.
aCalculate the quantities of benzene and;
Calculate the nitric acid required for the production of 1000 kg per hour of nitrobenzene.
2. Feed gas to a methanol synthesis unit contains 66.6% hydrogen, 33.3% carbon monoxide and 0.1% nonreactive impurity. The plant produces 100 m3 per hour of methanol with 15% conversion in the reactor. The methanol product is condensed and separated from the unreacted gases which are recycled. The recycled stream contains 33% carbon monoxide, 66% hydrogen and 1 % impurity. Take the density of methanol to be 780 kg per cubic meter.
What must be the purge rate to maintain the impurity concentration in the recycle below 1%?
What is the rate of recycle stream?
3. Metallurgical-grade silicon is purified to electronic grade for use in the semiconductor industry by chemically separating it from its impurities. The Si metal reacts in varying degrees with hydrogen chloride gas at 300°C to form several polychlorinated silanes. Trichlorosilane is liquid at room temperature and is easily separated by fractional distillation from the other gases. If 100 kg of silicon is reacted as shown in Figure shown below:
How much trichlorosilane (Stream E) is produced?
How much moles of gas stream leaving as overhead distillate (Stream D)?
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