Before and after heart rate was measured from a group of participants after taking an experimental COVID19 vaccine. W > ttest(hrdataSafterVaccine, hrdata$beforeVaccine, paired-TRUE) Paired t-test data: hrdatasafterVaccine and hrdata$beforeVaccine t-1.4038, df - 9, p-value 0.1939 alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0 95 percent confidence interval -2.568014 10.968014 sample estimates: mean of the differences 4.2 Hint" the first line of code should tell you the type of test you are dealing with. O The confidence intervals indicate that there is a difference between Before and After observations. O There is a significant dif

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.