Bacterial cells have a much higher rate of metabolism than animal cells. Under ideal conditions, some bacteria double in size anddivide every 20 min, whereas most animal cells under rapid growth conditions require 24 hours. The high rate of bacterial metabolism requires a high ratio of surface area to cell volume.(a) Why does surface-to-volume ratio affect the maximum rate of metabolism?(b) Calculate the surface-to-volume ratio for the spherical bacterium Neisseriagonorrhoeae (diameter 0.5 μm), responsible for the disease gonorrhea. Compare it with the surface-to-volume ratio for a globular amoeba, a large eukaryotic cell (diameter 150 μm). The surface area of a sphere is 4πr 2 .
Bacterial cells have a much higher rate of metabolism than animal cells. Under ideal conditions, some bacteria double in size anddivide every 20 min, whereas most animal cells under rapid growth conditions require 24 hours. The high rate of bacterial metabolism requires a high ratio of surface area to cell volume.(a) Why does surface-to-volume ratio affect the maximum rate of metabolism?(b) Calculate the surface-to-volume ratio for the spherical bacterium Neisseriagonorrhoeae (diameter 0.5 μm), responsible for the disease gonorrhea. Compare it with the surface-to-volume ratio for a globular amoeba, a large eukaryotic cell (diameter 150 μm). The surface area of a sphere is 4πr 2 .
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
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Bacterial cells have a much higher rate of
divide every 20 min, whereas most animal cells under rapid growth conditions require 24 hours. The high rate of bacterial metabolism requires a high ratio of surface area to cell volume.
(a) Why does surface-to-volume ratio affect the maximum rate of metabolism?
(b) Calculate the surface-to-volume ratio for the spherical bacterium Neisseria
gonorrhoeae (diameter 0.5 μm), responsible for the disease gonorrhea. Compare it with the surface-to-volume ratio for a globular amoeba, a large eukaryotic cell (diameter 150 μm). The surface area of a sphere is 4πr 2 .
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