Background: A doctor conducted a patellar tendon (aka knee jerk - covered in lecture, assigned reading, and laboratory) reflex test on a patient. To do so, she tested the patient's knee-jerk reflex by hitting the patient's patellar tendon with a rubber hammer. For this patient, the doctor observed that hitting the tendon caused no knee jerk reflex at all, even after many attempts. Normally, a patient will kick her lower leg after the hammer hit on the tendon. However, the doctor could stimulate contraction of the quadriceps leg muscles using a stimulating electrode that applied a voltage across the muscle. 1) During the examination, the patient got nervous. His heart rate increased. Which of the following would increase heart rate? Group of answer choices a)An increase in parasympathetic neural stimulation to the pacemaker node of the heart b)An increase in sympathetic neural stimulation to the pacemaker node of the heart c)An increase in acetylcholine release by motor neurons d)The release of vasopressin (a hormone) into the blood The doctor, with further analysis, determined that the receptor membranes of the stretch receptors were operating correctly.To do this, she carefully inserted an electrode into a stretch receptor's membrane, near to the location on the membrane where receptor proteins are located. She measured a change in voltage while hitting the tendon with the hammer. 2) To conclude that the receptor is working correctly, what did she observe (choose the best answer)? a)An increase in action potential firing rate b)A decrease in action potential firing rate c)A change in voltage representing a receptor potential d)A change in voltage representing an end-plate potential 3) True or false: A harder hammer hit on the patient's tendon, detected by the receptor cell, would cause a faster rate of action potential firing along the motor neuron axons that innervate quadriceps muscle fibers. 4) True/False A myofibril is a skeletal muscle cell.

Background: A doctor conducted a patellar tendon (aka knee jerk - covered in lecture, assigned reading, and laboratory) reflex test on a patient. To do so, she tested the patient's knee-jerk reflex by hitting the patient's patellar tendon with a rubber hammer. For this patient, the doctor observed that hitting the tendon caused no knee jerk reflex at all, even after many attempts. Normally, a patient will kick her lower leg after the hammer hit on the tendon. However, the doctor could stimulate contraction of the quadriceps leg muscles using a stimulating electrode that applied a voltage across the muscle. 1) During the examination, the patient got nervous. His heart rate increased. Which of the following would increase heart rate? Group of answer choices a)An increase in parasympathetic neural stimulation to the pacemaker node of the heart b)An increase in sympathetic neural stimulation to the pacemaker node of the heart c)An increase in acetylcholine release by motor neurons d)The release of vasopressin (a hormone) into the blood The doctor, with further analysis, determined that the receptor membranes of the stretch receptors were operating correctly.To do this, she carefully inserted an electrode into a stretch receptor's membrane, near to the location on the membrane where receptor proteins are located. She measured a change in voltage while hitting the tendon with the hammer. 2) To conclude that the receptor is working correctly, what did she observe (choose the best answer)? a)An increase in action potential firing rate b)A decrease in action potential firing rate c)A change in voltage representing a receptor potential d)A change in voltage representing an end-plate potential 3) True or false: A harder hammer hit on the patient's tendon, detected by the receptor cell, would cause a faster rate of action potential firing along the motor neuron axons that innervate quadriceps muscle fibers. 4) True/False A myofibril is a skeletal muscle cell.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Background:

A doctor conducted a patellar tendon (aka knee jerk - covered in lecture, assigned reading, and laboratory) reflex test on a patient. To do so, she tested the patient's knee-jerk reflex by hitting the patient's patellar tendon with a rubber hammer. For this patient, the doctor observed that hitting the tendon caused no knee jerk reflex at all, even after many attempts. Normally, a patient will kick her lower leg after the hammer hit on the tendon. However, the doctor could stimulate contraction of the quadriceps leg muscles using a stimulating electrode that applied a voltage across the muscle.

1) During the examination, the patient got nervous. His heart rate increased. Which of the following would increase heart rate?

Group of answer choices

a)An increase in parasympathetic neural stimulation to the pacemaker node of the heart

b)An increase in sympathetic neural stimulation to the pacemaker node of the heart

c)An increase in acetylcholine release by motor neurons

d)The release of vasopressin (a hormone) into the blood

The doctor, with further analysis, determined that the receptor membranes of the stretch receptors were operating correctly.To do this, she carefully inserted an electrode into a stretch receptor's membrane, near to the location on the membrane where receptor proteins are located. She measured a change in voltage while hitting the tendon with the hammer.

2) To conclude that the receptor is working correctly, what did she observe (choose the best answer)?

a)An increase in action potential firing rate

b)A decrease in action potential firing rate

c)A change in voltage representing a receptor potential

d)A change in voltage representing an end-plate potential

3) True or false: A harder hammer hit on the patient's tendon, detected by the receptor cell, would cause a faster rate of action potential firing along the motor neuron axons that innervate quadriceps muscle fibers.

4) True/False A myofibril is a skeletal muscle cell.

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