b) Waveplates formed from accurate thicknesses of birefringent material may be used to change the polarisation state of light. For each of the following configurations of incident light (travelling horizontally), linear polarisers and waveplates, describe the polarisation state of the transmitted light: (i) Unpolarised light incident on a linear polariser with transmission axis vertical, followed by a half-wave plate with o and e axes at ±45 degrees to the vertical. (ii) As (i) above, but the half-wave plate is replaced by a quarter-wave plate at the same orientation (iii) As (i) above, but the linear polariser is rotated with axis at 30 degrees from the vertical, then the half-wave plate. (iv) As (i) above, but the half-wave plate is rotated with o axis vertical and e axis horizontal.

b) Waveplates formed from accurate thicknesses of birefringent material may be used to change the polarisation state of light. For each of the following configurations of incident light (travelling horizontally), linear polarisers and waveplates, describe the polarisation state of the transmitted light: (i) Unpolarised light incident on a linear polariser with transmission axis vertical, followed by a half-wave plate with o and e axes at ±45 degrees to the vertical. (ii) As (i) above, but the half-wave plate is replaced by a quarter-wave plate at the same orientation (iii) As (i) above, but the linear polariser is rotated with axis at 30 degrees from the vertical, then the half-wave plate. (iv) As (i) above, but the half-wave plate is rotated with o axis vertical and e axis horizontal.