b) Use your own sketches to show how surface finish is measured and define 2 important parameters that are used to quantify the finish. c) Use a graph to show how the nature of the surface finish depends on the manufacturing process adopted and discuss the cost implications. d) Describe three components where the surface finish plays an important part in the quality and performance of the product. Use your own sketches to illustrate your answers.

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Forming and Shaping

Metal forming is a category of metalworking process through which the material can be given the desired shape and size by subjecting it to plastic deformation, where the component undergoes bulk deformation process upon application of loads. Unlike the shearing and machining process, the material does not undergo up to a failure point as indicated in the stress-strain curve. Hence, the stresses induced during the forming process are greater than yield strength but less than the failure strength of the material. The process does not lead to the loss of material, so it can be said to be an economical process. During forming, the material is subjected to tensile forces, compressive forces, bending, and shearing loading conditions. The material should possess the property of ductility to undergo the forming process.